ArticleThe Journal of biological chemistry2020
The structural features that distinguish PD-L2 from PD-L1 emerged in placental mammals.
Article in The Journal of biological chemistry, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
- In or out of control: Modulating regulatory T cell homeostasis and function with immune checkpoint pathways.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy for glioblastoma: current progress, challenges and future outlook.Expert review of clinical pharmacology · 2020Pooled it
- Ineffectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors in prostate cancer: is it just a question of '-mabs'?The Journal of pathology · 2026Review
- Dendritic cell PD-L2 restrains intratumoral CD8bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Targeting Immune Checkpoint Proteins in Cancer Therapy and the Potential of RNAi-Based Immunotherapy.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- PD-L1 and PD-L2 regulate in cell-autonomous and N-glycosylation-dependent manners the pro-tumorigenic characteristics and functions of human cancer-associated fibroblasts.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- PD-1 protects expanding human T cells from premature restimulation-induced cell death by modulating TCR and CD28 signaling.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Engineering strategies and binding mechanisms of therapeutic anti-PD-1 antibodies approved by regulatory agencies globally.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- PD-L2 Landscape and Correlation with Outcome: An Immunomic Analysis.JCO oncology advances · 2026Article
- Article
- Proteostasis of immune checkpoint receptors.The Biochemical journal · 2025Review
- Differences in PD-L1, PD-L2, and EGFR Expression Between Naive and Recurrent Tumors in Patients With Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study.Head & neck · 2025Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Based Therapy as the First-Line Treatment for Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Efficacy, Challenges, and Future Perspectives.Thoracic cancer · 2025Review
- Post-translational modifications of immune checkpoints: unlocking new potentials in cancer immunotherapy.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2025Review
- Is modulation of immune checkpoints on glioblastoma-infiltrating myeloid cells a viable therapeutic strategy?Neuro-oncology · 2025Review
- PD-1 is conserved from sharks to humans: new insights into PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, and SHP-2 evolution.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- The Biology of Dendritic Cells: In Health and Disease.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Revealing the mechanisms and therapeutic potential of immune checkpoint proteins across diverse protein families.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Cutaneous Adverse Events: Mechanisms of Occurrence.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Changing the location of proteins on the cell surface is a promising strategy for modulating T cell functions.Immunology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) is an inhibitory receptor on T lymphocytes that is critical for modulating adaptive immunity. As such, it has been successfully exploited for cancer immunotherapy. Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and PD-L2 are ligands for PD-1; the former is ubiquitously expressed in inflamed tissues, whereas the latter is restricted to antigen-presenting cells. PD-L2 binds to PD-1 with 3-fold stronger affinity compared with PD-L1. To date, this affinity discrepancy has been attributed to a tryptophan (W110
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.