Trial reportNutrients2019
A Pilot Randomized Crossover Trial Assessing the Safety and Short-Term Effects of Walnut Consumption by Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease.
Trial report in Nutrients, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Walnut (Juglans regia L.) on Blood Pressure and Endothelial Function in Adults: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2026Pooled it
- Does Walnut Supplementation Have Favourable Effect Apolipoprotein A, B and Blood Pressure? A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Meta-Evidence of Randomised Clinical Trials.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2026Pooled it
- Does Medication Status Impact the Effectiveness of Nuts in Altering Blood Pressure and Lipids? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrition reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Nut consumption in chronic kidney disease: a systematic review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Walnut consumption and health outcomes with public health relevance-a systematic review of cohort studies and randomized controlled trials published from 2017 to present.Nutrition reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Effects of Walnut Consumption on Blood Lipid Profile and Apolipoproteins in Adults: A GRADE-Assessed Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of 49 Randomized Controlled Trials.Food science & nutrition · 2026Review
- Associations of dietary phosphorus-protein ratio, phosphorus-energy ratio, and protein-energy ratio with mortality in peritoneal dialysis patients: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- A Plant-Dominant Low-Protein Diet in Chronic Kidney Disease Management: A Narrative Review with Considerations for Cyprus.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Research Progress on the Preparation and Function of Antioxidant Peptides from Walnuts.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- The Role of Plant-Based Diets in Preventing and Mitigating Chronic Kidney Disease: More Light than Shadows.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Perspective: Challenges and Future Directions in Clinical Research with Nuts and Berries.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023Article
- Phytate Intake, Health and Disease: "Let Thy Food Be Thy Medicine and Medicine Be Thy Food".Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Adherence to Caloric and Protein Recommendations in Older Hemodialysis Patients: A Multicenter Study.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Walnut Intake Interventions Targeting Biomarkers of Metabolic Syndrome and Inflammation in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Nut Consumption and Effects on Chronic Kidney Disease and Mortality in the United States.American journal of nephrology · 2022Article
- Perspective: Plant-based Whole-Grain Foods for Chronic Kidney Disease: The Phytate-Phosphorus Conundrum.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2021Article
- The Impact of Protein Type on Phosphorus Intake, Serum Phosphate Concentrations, and Nutrition Status in Adults with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Critical Review.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The aim of this study of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is to assess the safety of daily consumption of walnuts on the physiological levels of phosphorous, potassium, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), and to assess the short-term benefits of this intervention on risk factors associated with cardiovascular events. This led us to perform a prospective, randomized, crossover, pilot clinical trial examined 13 patients with CKD. Subjects were randomly assigned to a diet of 30 g of walnuts per day or the control diet. After 30 days, each group was given a 30-day washout period, and then switched to the alternate diet for 30 days. Urinary and serum levels of phosphorous and potassium, multiple vascular risk factors, and urinary inositol phosphates (InsPs) were measured at baseline and at the end of the intervention period. Our results showed that the walnut dietary supplement led to reduced blood pressure, LDL cholesterol, and albumin excretion, but had no effect on the physiological levels of phosphorous, potassium, PTH, and FGF23. This is the first report to show that daily consumption of walnuts by patients with CKD does not alter their physiological levels of phosphorous, potassium, PTH, and FGF23 when included in a sodium-, protein-, phosphate-, and potassium-controlled diet, and it could be an effective strategy for reducing cardiovascular risk in patients with CKD.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.