SynthesisBMC neurology2019
Association between vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms and the risk of multiple sclerosis (MS): an updated meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMC neurology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- 5Apal, Taql, Fokl, and Bsml polymorphisms and the susceptibility of Behcet's disease: an updated meta-analysis.Immunologic research · 2022Pooled it
- Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) Gene Polymorphisms and Risk of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Biochemical genetics · 2021Pooled it
- Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism and risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA): systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical rheumatology · 2020Pooled it
- Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and the risk of the type 1 diabetes: a meta-regression and updated meta-analysis.BMC endocrine disorders · 2020Pooled it
- Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to urolithiasis: a meta-regression and meta-analysis.BMC nephrology · 2020Pooled it
- Associations of Vitamin D Receptor (ApaI, FokI, TaqI, BsmI) Polymorphisms with Neurodegenerative Diseases in the Middle East, North Africa and Turkiye (MENA&T) Region: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Toward Population-Specific Precision Medicine.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- The Role of Vitamin D in Autoimmune Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The Link BetweenBioMed research international · 2026Article
- Multiple sclerosis pathophysiology: a comprehensive review of genetic, environmental, and immunological drivers.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Review
- Exploring the Association of Vitamin D and VDR Polymorphisms with Disease Severity in COVID-19 and Influenza.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- VDR gene variants FokI and ApaI: Factors associated with susceptibility to multiple sclerosis.PloS one · 2025Article
- The Relationship Between Vitamin D and the Development and Treatment of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: An Overview of Systematic Reviews.Current behavioral neuroscience reports · 2024Article
- Vitamin D receptor gene BsmI (rs1544410) polymorphism: role in multiple sclerosis and genotype-phenotype correlations.Molecular biology reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphism Predicts the Outcome of Multidisciplinary Rehabilitation in Multiple Sclerosis Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Review
- Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms are associated with the risk and features of myasthenia gravis in the Han Chinese population.Immunologic research · 2023Article
- Immunomodulatory actions of vitamin D in various immune-related disorders: a comprehensive review.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Vitamin D as a Nutri-Epigenetic Factor in Autoimmunity-A Review of Current Research and Reports on Vitamin D Deficiency in Autoimmune Diseases.Nutrients · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe association between the Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism and the risk of Multiple sclerosis (MS) has been evaluated in several researches. However, the findings were inconsistent and inconclusive. Therefore, we set out a meta-analysis of all eligible published case-control studies to obtain an exact evaluation of the association between VDR gene polymorphisms and MS.
methodAll relevant studies reporting the association between the VDR gene FokI (rs2228570), or/and TaqI (rs731236) or/and BsmI (rs1544410) or/and ApaI (rs7975232) polymorphisms and susceptibility to MS published up to May, 2019 were identified by comprehensive systematic search in the electronic database of web of science, Scopus, and PubMed. After that, the strength of association between VDR gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to MS was evaluated by odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).
resultsA total of 30 case-control studies were included in the meta-analysis. The overall results suggested a significant association between TaqI polymorphism and MS risk under heterozygote genetic model (OR = 1.27, 95%CI = 1.01-1.59, random effect). Moreover, the pooled results of subgroup analysis declined presence of significant association under all defined genetic model. In subgroup analysis, BsmI polymorphisms was associated with increased risk of MS under recessive model in Asian populations. On the other hand, ApaI polymorphism was associated with decreased risk of MS under recessive and aa vs. AA model in Asian populations.
conclusionThis meta-analysis suggested a significant association between TaqI polymorphism and MS susceptibility. Furthermore, BsmI polymorphism was associated with increased risk of MS in Asian populations. In contrast, ApaI polymorphism was associated with decreased risk of MS in Asian populations. Future large-scale studies on gene-environment and gene-gene interactions are required to estimate risk factors and assist early diagnosis of patients at high risk for MS.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.