ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2019
CT2A Cell Viability Modulated by Electromagnetic Fields at Extremely Low Frequency under No Thermal Effects.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields Enhance Resveratrol-Induced Apoptosis Through Modulation of Apoptotic Signaling in U87-MG Glioblastoma Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- The Frequency of a Magnetic Field Reduces the Viability and Proliferation of Numerous Tumor Cell Lines.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Low-frequency magnetic field therapy for glioblastoma: Current advances, mechanisms, challenges and future perspectives.Journal of advanced research · 2025Review
- The Frequency of a Magnetic Field Determines the Behavior of Tumor and Non-Tumor Nerve Cell Models.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The Cellular Response Is Determined by a Combination of Different ELF-EMF Exposure Parameters: A Scope Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Design and characterisation of a cell exposure system with high magnetic field homogeneity: RILZ coils.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024Article
- Pulsed magnetic field increases the effect of ultraviolet C radiation and thermal shock in aged yeasts.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2023Article
- Article
- DNMT1 and miRNAs: possible epigenetics footprints in electromagnetic fields utilization in oncology.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2021Review
- 30 Hz, Could It Be Part of a Window Frequency for Cellular Response?International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The effects produced by electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on human beings at extremely low frequencies (ELFs) have being investigated in the past years, across in vitro studies, using different cell lines. Nevertheless, the effects produced on cells are not clarified, and the cellular mechanisms and cell-signaling processes involved are still unknown. This situation has resulted in a division among the scientific community about the adequacy of the recommended level of exposure. In this sense, we consider that it is necessary to develop long-term exposure studies and check if the recommended levels of EMFs are under thermal effects. Hence, we exposed CT2A cells to different EMFs at different ELFs at short and long times. Our results showed frequency dependence in CT2A exposed during 24 h to a small EMF of 30 μT equal to those originated by the Earth and frequency dependence after the exposure during seven days to an EMF of 100 µT at different ELFs. Particularly, our results showed a remarkable cell viability decrease of CT2A cells exposed to EMFs of 30 Hz. Nevertheless, after analyzing the thermal effects in terms of HSP90 expression, we did not find thermal damages related to the differences in cell viability, so other crucial cellular mechanism should be involved.
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