ArticleCurrent protocols in cytometry2020
Confocal Microscopy: Principles and Modern Practices.
Article in Current protocols in cytometry, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 183 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
183 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 392 citations in OpenAlex.
- Substance use and spine density: a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Randomised-crossover clinical trial on the substantivity of a single application of a gel containing chlorhexidine and o-cymen-5-ol on the oral biofilm and saliva.BMC oral health · 2024Trial
- Reconstruction Algorithm-Based Computed Tomography Image Feature for Evaluating the Effect of Internal Administration and Medicated Bath of Liangxue Xiaoyin Decoction on Psoriasis Vulgaris.Computational and mathematical methods in medicine · 2022Trial
- Breaking the Diffraction Limit: Progress and Prospects of Super-Resolution Fluorescence Microscopy in Biomedical and Materials Research.Journal of fluorescence · 2026Review
- High-content morphological profiling by Cell Painting in 3D spheroids.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Four-Dimensional Electrochemiluminescence Microscopy Enables Depth-Resolved Imaging of Single, Living Spheroids.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Article
- Unveiling the contribution of histidine-end-terminal pBAEs to endosomal escape using super-resCLEM imaging.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- A custom two-in-one HIST and line-scanning confocal excitation module.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Membrane-Traversing Peptides: Mechanistic Landscapes, Assays, and Applications.Chemical reviews · 2026Review
- Artificial Intelligence-Powered Histopathology in Stem Cell Research: Bridging Morphology, Function, and Omics.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Preliminary Formulation-Dependent Angiogenesis-Related and Early Osteogenic Responses to Three-Dimensional Bioprinted Hydroxyapatite-Acrylated Palm Olein Scaffolds: An In Vitro Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Review
- High-Magnification Full-Color Real-Time Stereoscopic Microscopy Based on a Liquid Crystal Polarization Grating.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Protocol to determine oligomerization states of proteins in living cells using photon counting histogram analysis.STAR protocols · 2026Article
- Illuminating the Interface: In Situ Optical Insights Into Two-Electron ORR Pathways for HAdvanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Review
- Imaging genome dynamics in real time with CRISPR-based technologies.Current opinion in chemical biology · 2026Review
- Three-dimensional tracking of dynamic structures in living cells using single-plane imaging with focus feedback.Nature protocols · 2026Review
- Experimental evidence for early bacterial inheritance in the giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera.FEMS microbiology ecology · 2026Article
- HiExM Enables Scalable Mapping of Organelle Morphology and Spatial Heterogeneity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The Application of Radiolabeled Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles in Molecular Imaging.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
123 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In light microscopy, illuminating light is passed through the sample as uniformly as possible over the field of view. For thicker samples, where the objective lens does not have sufficient depth of focus, light from sample planes above and below the focal plane will also be detected. The out-of-focus light will add blur to the image, reducing the resolution. In fluorescence microscopy, any dye molecules in the field of view will be stimulated, including those in out-of-focus planes. Confocal microscopy provides a means of rejecting the out-of-focus light from the detector such that it does not contribute blur to the images being collected. This technique allows for high-resolution imaging in thick tissues. In a confocal microscope, the illumination and detection optics are focused on the same diffraction-limited spot in the sample, which is the only spot imaged by the detector during a confocal scan. To generate a complete image, the spot must be moved over the sample and data collected point by point. A significant advantage of the confocal microscope is the optical sectioning provided, which allows for 3D reconstruction of a sample from high-resolution stacks of images. Several types of confocal microscopes have been developed for this purpose, and each has different advantages and disadvantages. This article provides a concise introduction to confocal microscopy. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.