ArticleInternational journal of epidemiology2019
Are younger cohorts in the USA and England ageing better?
Article in International journal of epidemiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Ageism Against Older Adults and Associated Factors: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study Among Dental Students in Midwestern Brazil.European journal of dental education : official journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe · 2026Observational
- Socioeconomic inequalities in functional ageing trajectories in England and Canada: A comparative longitudinal cohort study.PLoS medicine · 2026Article
- Socio-economic position and healthy ageing across the life course: a systematic review of longitudinal studies.GeroScience · 2026Review
- An empirical analysis of the impact of early educational interventions before age three on cognitive development.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Age-Period-Cohort Analysis of Health-related Work Limitations: Results From Global Aging Data.Safety and health at work · 2025Article
- Harmonisation of later-life cognitive function across national contexts: results from the Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocols.The lancet. Healthy longevity · 2023Article
- Cross-country comparison of income-related inequality in physical functional disability among middle-aged and older adults: Evidence from 33 countries.Journal of global health · 2023Article
- Multilevel analysis of predictors of multiple indicators of childhood vaccination in Nigeria.PloS one · 2022Article
- Health research capacity of professional and technical personnel in a first-class tertiary hospital in northwest China: multilevel repeated measurement, 2013-2017, a pilot study.Health research policy and systems · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWhether worldwide increases in life expectancy are accompanied by a better health status is still a debate. People age differently, and there is a need to disentangle whether healthy-ageing pathways can be shaped by cohort effects. This study aims to analyse trends in health status in two large nationally representative samples of older adults from England and the USA.
methodsThe sample comprised 55 684 participants from the first seven waves of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), and the first 11 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). A common latent health score based on Bayesian multilevel item response theory was used. Two Bayesian mixed-effects multilevel models were used to assess cohort effects on health in ELSA and HRS separately, controlling for the effect of household wealth and educational attainment.
resultsSimilar ageing trends were found in ELSA (β = -0.311; p < 0.001) and HRS (β = -0.393; p < 0.001). The level of education moderated the life-course effect on health in both ELSA (β = -0.082; p < 0.05) and HRS (β = -0.084; p < 0.05). A birth-year effect was found for those belonging to the highest quintiles of household wealth in both ELSA (β = 0.125; p < 0.001) and HRS (β = 0.170; p < 0.001).
conclusionsHealth inequalities have increased in recent cohorts, with the wealthiest participants presenting a better health status in both the USA and English populations. Actions to promote health in the ageing population should consider the increasing inequality scenario, not only by applying highly effective interventions, but also by making them accessible to all members of society.
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