ArticleSleep2020
Examining the optimal timing for closed-loop auditory stimulation of slow-wave sleep in young and older adults.
Article in Sleep, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05746299 (The Emergence of Abstract Structure Knowledge Across Learning and Sleep), which is not on this map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Emergence of Abstract Structure Knowledge Across Learning and Sleep
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exposure to broadband noise during non-REM sleep impairs hippocampal sharp-wave ripples and memory consolidation.Current biology : CB · 2026Article
- Predictability of sleep slow oscillation emergence and spatial extent from pre-onset neural dynamics.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Tone-Evoked Sleep Electroencephalographic Slow Oscillations as a Function of Peripheral Rhythms: New Insights Into the Brain-Heart Integration.Journal of sleep research · 2026Article
- The Effect of Closed-Loop Auditory Stimulation on Memory Consolidation and Sleep Physiology in an Ecological Setting.Journal of sleep research · 2026Article
- Tone-Evoked Sleep Electroencephalographic Slow Oscillations as a Function of Peripheral Rhythms: New Insights Into the Brain-Heart Integration.Journal of sleep research · 2026Article
- Sleep architecture differences and predictive markers of sleep perception impairment in depression.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Protocol for modulating anesthesia delta oscillations using closed loop auditory stimulation.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Article
- Noradrenergic Slow Vasomotion: The Hidden Fluid Pump Linking Sleep, Brain Clearance, and Dementia Pathogenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The Future of Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation in Sleep Medicine.Journal of sleep research · 2025Review
- Slow Oscillation-Spindle Coupling Predicts Sequence-Based Language Learning.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025Article
- Acoustic stimulation and other emerging approaches to enhance sleep: design notes for the next generation of closed-loop neurostimulation technology.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Review
- ANPHY-Sleep: an Open Sleep Database from Healthy Adults Using High-Density Scalp Electroencephalogram.Scientific data · 2024Article
- A closed-loop auditory stimulation approach selectively modulates alpha oscillations and sleep onset dynamics in humans.PLoS biology · 2024Article
- Unraveling the potential of acoustic stimulation to enhance slow-wave sleep in Alzheimer's disease: implications and pathways forward.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Cardio-audio synchronization elicits neural and cardiac surprise responses in human wakefulness and sleep.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Cueing memory reactivation during NREM sleep engenders long-term plasticity in both brain and behaviour.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2024Article
- Article
- MorpheusNet: Resource efficient sleep stage classifier for embedded on-line systems.Conference proceedings. IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
STUDY
objectivesClosed-loop auditory stimulation (CLAS) is a method for enhancing slow oscillations (SOs) through the presentation of auditory clicks during sleep. CLAS boosts SOs amplitude and sleep spindle power, but the optimal timing for click delivery remains unclear. Here, we determine the optimal time to present auditory clicks to maximize the enhancement of SO amplitude and spindle likelihood.
methodsWe examined the main factors predicting SO amplitude and sleep spindles in a dataset of 21 young and 17 older subjects. The participants received CLAS during slow-wave-sleep in two experimental conditions: sham and auditory stimulation. Post-stimulus SOs and spindles were evaluated according to the click phase on the SOs and compared between and within conditions.
resultsWe revealed that auditory clicks applied anywhere on the positive portion of the SO increased SO amplitudes and spindle likelihood, although the interval of opportunity was shorter in the older group. For both groups, analyses showed that the optimal timing for click delivery is close to the SO peak phase. Click phase on the SO wave was the main factor determining the impact of auditory stimulation on spindle likelihood for young subjects, whereas for older participants, the temporal lag since the last spindle was a better predictor of spindle likelihood.
conclusionsOur data suggest that CLAS can more effectively boost SOs during specific phase windows, and these differ between young and older participants. It is possible that this is due to the fluctuation of sensory inputs modulated by the thalamocortical networks during the SO.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.