ArticleAnatomical science international2020
Various significant connections of the male pelvic floor muscles with special reference to the anal and urethral sphincter muscles.
Article in Anatomical science international, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07528560 (Effectiveness of HIFEM), which is not on this map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effectiveness of HIFEM (High Intensity Focused Electro-Magnetic Technology) for Improving Pelvic Floor Muscle Tone in Postpartum Women: Study Protocol.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Novel Anatomical Findings in Robot-Assisted Prostatectomy and Optimal Dissection Layer Selection for Preserving Urethral Support Structures.The Prostate · 2025Article
- Presence of smooth muscle continuous with the rectal and vaginal walls in the deep perineal space prompts reconsideration of the deep transverse perineal muscle.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Investigation of pelvic floor influence on prostate displacement in image-guided radiotherapy.The Prostate · 2025Article
- Contrast-enhanced Micro-CT imaging of a foetal female pelvic floor reveals anatomical details.PloS one · 2025Article
- Skeletal Muscle Complex Between the Vagina and Anal Canal: Implications for Perineal Laceration.International urogynecology journal · 2024Observational
- Twisted orientation of the muscle bundles in the levator ani functional parts in women: Implications for pelvic floor support mechanism.Journal of anatomy · 2024Article
- Significant relationship between musculoaponeurotic attachment of the abdominal and thigh adductor muscles to the pubis: implications for the diagnosis of groin pain.Anatomical science international · 2024Article
- Novel combination method of wide-range serial sectioning and 3D reconstruction visualizing both macro-level dynamics and micro-level interactions in an attempt to analyze the female pelvic floor.Anatomical science international · 2023Review
- Pelvic floor and perineal muscles: a dynamic coordination between skeletal and smooth muscles on pelvic floor stabilization.Anatomical science international · 2023Review
- Anatomical basis for contribution of hip joint motion by the obturator internus to defaecation/urinary functions by the levator ani via the obturator fascia.Journal of anatomy · 2023Article
- Review
- Anatomy of Cowper's gland in humans suggesting a secretion and emission mechanism facilitated by cooperation of striated and smooth muscles.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- The series of smooth muscle structures in the pelvic floors of men: Dynamic coordination of smooth and skeletal muscles.Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The male pelvic floor is a complex structure formed by several muscles. The levator ani muscle and the perineal muscles are important components of the pelvic floor. The perineal muscles comprise the external anal sphincter, bulbospongiosus, superficial transverse perineal muscles, and ischiocavernosus. Although the connections of the muscles of the pelvic floor have been reported recently, the anatomical details of each muscle remain unclear. In this study, we examined the male pelvic floor to clarify the connection between the muscles related to function. Fifteen male pelvises were used for microscopic dissection, and three male pelvises were used for histological examination. On the lateral aspect, the perineal muscles were connected to each other. Bundles of the levator ani muscle extended to connect to the perineal muscles. In addition, the extended muscle bundle from the levator ani muscle and the perineal muscles surround the external urethral sphincter. On the medial aspect, the levator ani muscle and the external anal sphincter form the anterior and posterior muscular slings of the anal canal. The connection between the perineal muscles and levator ani muscle indicates a possible close relationship between the functions of the urethra and anus.
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Registered trials
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