ReviewJournal of Parkinson's disease2020
Ethnic Variation in the Manifestation of Parkinson's Disease: A Narrative Review.
Review in Journal of Parkinson's disease, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 129 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mechanisms of inequitable access to parkinson's disease care: a critical interpretive synthesis.International journal for equity in health · 2025Pooled it
- Disparities in Access to Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson's Disease and Proposed Interventions: A Literature Review.Stereotactic and functional neurosurgery · 2024Pooled it
- Prevalence and Incidence of Parkinson's Disease in Latin America: A Meta-Analysis.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2024Pooled it
- Type 2 Diabetes as a Determinant of Parkinson's Disease Risk and Progression.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2021Pooled it
- The Effects of Safinamide in Chinese and Non-Chinese Patients with Parkinson's Disease.Advances in therapy · 2024Trial
- Pathology and Genetics in a Global Cohort of Parkinsonian Disorders.JAMA neurology · 2026Article
- Clinical and Healthcare Disparities in Migrant Patients with Parkinson's Disease: A Matched Cohort Study in a Multiethnic European Population.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Denoised MDS-UPDRS part-III scores yield new patterns of progression heterogeneity in early stage Parkinson's disease.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2026Article
- Parkinson's through a cultural lens: Diversity in disease expression and care.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2026Review
- Denoised MDS-UPDRS Part-III Scores Yield New Patterns of Progression Heterogeneity in Early Stage Parkinson's Disease.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Integrating Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network and Differential Expression Analyses to Unveil the Role of RNA m6A Methylation Regulators in Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease in Latin America.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Pathology and genetics in a global cohort of Parkinsonian Disorders.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Parkinson's Disease: From Gene-Environment Risk to Precision Therapy.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Demographic and Clinical Profiles of Parkinson's Disease in India: Observations from a Nation-Wide Multicenter Study.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2025Article
- Understanding barriers and facilitators to participation in Parkinson's research in Black communities in the UK.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2025Article
- Identifying the Diagnostic Challenges and Indicators of Orthostatic Tremor: Patient Perspectives.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2025Article
- Symptom improvement in a South Asian patient with Parkinson's disease treated with immediate- and extended-release carbidopa-levodopa: a case report.Journal of medical case reports · 2025Article
- The East London Parkinson's disease project - a case-control study of Parkinson's Disease in a diverse population.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2025Article
- Identifying Barriers and Facilitators to Accessing Care for Historically Marginalized Communities Affected by Parkinson Disease: A Qualitative Study.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- The barriers to receiving health care for people with Parkinson's from predominantly Asian backgrounds in the UK.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The global prevalence of Parkinson's disease is increasing, yet the characteristics, risk factors and genetics of PD in Black, Asian and Hispanic populations is little understood. In this paper we review the published literature on clinical variation in the symptoms and signs of Parkinson's disease in different ethnic groups and responses to treatment. We included any study that sampled patients with Parkinson's disease from distinct ethnic backgrounds. We conclude that whilst there is little published evidence for ethnic variation in the clinical features of Parkinson's disease, there are substantial limitations and gaps in the current literature, which mean that the evidence does necessarily not fit with clinical observation. Possible explanations for expected differences in manifestation include genetic determinants, the co-existence of cerebrovascular disease and/or Alzheimer's disease pathology, healthcare inequalities and socio-cultural factors.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.