ArticleAutophagy2020
BST2 suppresses porcine epidemic diarrhea virus replication by targeting and degrading virus nucleocapsid protein with selective autophagy.
Article in Autophagy, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 102 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
102 citing papers in PubMed, 135 citations in OpenAlex.
- VPS33A and VPS18 orchestrate porcine epidemic diarrhea virus replication by modulating autophagic flux.Virulence · 2026Article
- Autophagy and ubiquitination in important swine viral infections: Host defense and viral antagonism.Virulence · 2026Review
- The Interplay Between Autophagy and Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Perspectives.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Article
- Article
- BST-2 inhibits SARS-CoV-2 egress at intracellular membranes and is neutralized by ORF7a.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus spike protein inhibits FUNDC1-mediated mitophagy to prevent nucleocapsid protein degradation.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Inflammatory Cytokine Changes in Herpes Simplex Virus Infected Periodontium: An In Vitro Proteomic Study.Oral diseases · 2026Article
- A single-cell multi-omics atlas defines the cellular and molecular landscape of gastric intestinal metaplasia.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- ZNF219 inhibits porcine epidemic diarrhea virus by degrading viral S2 protein.Virologica Sinica · 2026Article
- Article
- Identification of Novel B Cell Epitopes on the Nucleocapsid Protein of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus.Viruses · 2026Article
- ALDH1L1 suppresses the replication of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus by degrading viral nucleocapsid and envelope proteins.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- miR-221 Exerts Antiviral and Anti-Inflammatory Effects against HSV-1 Through Direct Repression of CAMK2A and Immune Pathway Activation.Inflammation · 2026Article
- Emerging Oncogenic and Immunoregulatory Roles of BST2 in Human Cancers.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- The PCK2-Traf6-Tollip Axis Restricts PEDV Replication by Orchestrating Selective Autophagic Degradation of the Viral Nucleocapsid Protein.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
- Autophagy machinery as exploited by viruses.Autophagy reports · 2025Article
- MARCH2 inhibits avian leukosis virus replication by targeting gp85 for ubiquitination and degradation.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Host-Microbe Interactions: Understanding the Mechanism of Autophagy in Viral Replication and Immune Evasion.Veterinary sciences · 2025Review
42 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Interferon-induced BST2 (bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2) inhibits viral replication by tethering enveloped virions to the cell surface to restrict viral release and by inducing the NFKB-dependent antiviral immune response. However, the mechanism by which BST2 uses the selective autophagy pathway to inhibit viral replication is poorly understood. In this study, we showed that BST2 expression was significantly increased during porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection of Vero cells by IRF1 targeting its promoter. We also showed that BST2 suppressed PEDV replication by binding and degrading the PEDV-encoded nucleocapsid (N) protein. The downregulation of N protein was blocked by macroautophagy/autophagy inhibitors but not a proteasome inhibitor, implying that the N protein was degraded via the selective autophagy pathway. Both the BST2 and N protein interacted with the E3 ubiquitin ligase MARCHF8/MARCH8 and the cargo receptor CALCOCO2/NDP52, and the ubiquitination of N protein was necessary for the degradation of N mediated by the BST2-MARCHF8 axis. The knockdown of MARCHF8 or ATG5 with small interfering RNAs blocked the selective autophagy pathway, rescued the protein abundance of PEDV N in 293T cells, and prevented the inhibition of PEDV replication by BST2 in Vero cells. Together, our data demonstrate the novel mechanism of BST2-mediated virus restriction, in which BST2 recruits MARCHF8 to catalyze the ubiquitination of the PEDV N protein. The ubiquitinated N protein is then recognized by CALCOCO2/NDP52, which delivers it to autolysosome for degradation through the selective autophagy pathway.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.