Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31867655›Full record

Trial reportNicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco2019

Examining Age as a Potential Moderator of Response to Reduced Nicotine Content Cigarettes in Vulnerable Populations.

Danielle R Davis, Maria A Parker, Andrea C Villanti, Joanna M Streck, Jeff S Priest, Jennifer W Tidey, Diann E Gaalema, Stacey C Sigmon, Sarah H Heil, Stephen T Higgins

Open access · bronzeAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.8field-weighted citation impact, top 26% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Regulatory Approaches and Implementation of Minimally Addictive Combusted Products.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2022
    Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. The Public Health Gains Had Cigarette Companies Chosen to Sell Very Low Nicotine Cigarettes.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2021
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Nicotine Standards in the United States.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2019
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Danielle R DavisDepartment of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
Maria A ParkerDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN.
Andrea C VillantiVermont Center on Tobacco Regulatory Science, Departments of Psychiatry and Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT.
Joanna M StreckHarvard Medical School/Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA.
Jeff S PriestVermont Center on Tobacco Regulatory Science, Departments of Psychiatry and Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT.
Jennifer W TideyCenter for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Providence, RI.
Diann E GaalemaVermont Center on Tobacco Regulatory Science, Departments of Psychiatry and Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT.
Stacey C SigmonVermont Center on Tobacco Regulatory Science, Departments of Psychiatry and Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT.
Sarah H HeilVermont Center on Tobacco Regulatory Science, Departments of Psychiatry and Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT.
Stephen T HigginsVermont Center on Tobacco Regulatory Science, Departments of Psychiatry and Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT.
University of Vermont · USIndiana University Bloomington · USBrown University · USHarvard University · US

Funding

VERY LOW NICOTINE CIGARETTES IN SMOKERS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIAU54DA031659 · NIDA · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI HATSUKAMI, DOROTHY K · 2011 to 2022
$64.7M
Vermont Center on Behavior and HealthP20GM103644 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT & ST AGRIC COLLEGE · PI HIGGINS, STEPHEN T · 2013 to 2022
$21.3M
University of Vermont Tobacco Center of Regulatory ScienceU54DA036114 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT & ST AGRIC COLLEGE · PI HIGGINS, STEPHEN T · 2018 to 2022
$19.4M
TRAINING IN BEHAV. PHARMACOLOGY OF HUMAN DRUG DEPENDENCET32DA007242 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT &ST AGRIC COLLEGE · PI HEIL, SARAH H, HIGGINS, STEPHEN T · 1990 to 2025
$8.2M
NIDA NIH HHS U54 DA031659NIDA NIH HHS U54 DA036114NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM103644
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionYoung adults (aged 18-24 years) have a higher smoking prevalence than younger and older age groups and young adulthood is an important developmental period during which long-term behavior patterns like cigarette smoking are established. The aim of the current study was to examine how young adult smokers with additional vulnerabilities to smoking respond to reduced nicotine content cigarettes.

methodsThis is a secondary analysis of a double-blind, within-subject experiment conducted with 169 cigarette smokers recruited from populations with comorbid psychiatric conditions or socioeconomic disadvantage assessing acute effects of research cigarettes varying in nicotine content (0.4, 2.4, 5.2, 15.8 mg/g). Participants were dichotomized by chronological age (18-24 vs. ≥25 years). Across 14 laboratory sessions effects of nicotine content were examined on measures of relative reinforcing efficacy (Cigarette Purchase Task [CPT] and Concurrent Choice testing), subjective effects, craving/withdrawal, and smoking topography. Repeated measures analysis of variances were used to examine potential moderating effects of age.

resultsYoung adults exhibited lower demand for reduced nicotine content cigarettes than older adults across three of five CPT indices (ps < .05). No differences by age were observed on other measures of reinforcing efficacy, subjective effects, craving/withdrawal, or smoking topography where effects generally decreased as an orderly function of decreasing nicotine content (ps <.05).

conclusionOverall, these findings suggest that reducing the nicotine content of cigarettes would decrease the addiction potential of cigarette smoking in young adult smokers as much or perhaps more than older adult smokers from populations at increased vulnerability to smoking, addiction, and smoking-related health consequences. IMPLICATIONS: Reducing the nicotine content in cigarettes to lower addiction potential of smoking has been proposed as a means to improve overall population health. It is imperative to examine how young adults may respond to a nicotine reduction policy. We saw minimal evidence that age moderates acute response and where there was evidence it was in the direction of reduced nicotine content cigarettes having less addictive potential among young versus older adults (eg, steeper decreases in demand for very low nicotine content cigarettes among young versus older adults). Overall, a nicotine reduction policy has the potential to reduce smoking across age groups.

Indexed as

NicotineAdolescentAdultAge FactorsFemaleHumansMaleMental DisordersPovertySmokersSmokingSmoking CessationTobacco ProductsVulnerable PopulationsYoung AdultNicotine

Identifiers

PMID31867655
PMCPMC6939764
OpenAlexW2997492792

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.