ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2019
Host Inflammatory Biomarkers of Disease Severity in Pediatric Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development and validation of a machine learning-driven framework for differentiating pediatric bronchopneumonia from lobar pneumonia: a multicenter investigation.European journal of medical research · 2025Trial
- Clinical utility of lung ultrasound in differentiating and monitoring complicated pediatric pneumonia: a prospective diagnostic accuracy study.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Admission inflammatory biomarker phenotypes and risk of severe community-acquired pneumonia and PARDS in young children.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Review
- Dysregulated expression of the EMX2OS/miR-34c-5p/TBL1XR1 regulatory axis: a novel signature for severe community-acquired pneumonia in children.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Microbial and immune determinants of disease severity and death in pediatric pneumonia.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Role of Serum Inflammatory Biomarkers in Risk Stratification of Hospitalized Children with Macrolide-Non-ResponsiveChildren (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A Paediatric Perspective: Opportunities and Challenges in Emergency Department Antimicrobial Stewardship.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Prognostic and Clinical Significance of Peripheral Blood IL-2, IL-8, and TNF-α in Children with Severe Pneumonia.International journal of general medicine · 2026Article
- Machine learning-based identification of inflammatory biomarkers for predicting pulmonary consolidation in children with Chlamydia pneumoniae infection.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Interleukins in community-acquired pneumonia: from biomarkers to precision medicine.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Dynamic multiplex cytokine profiling to identify risk factors for Lung Consolidation and Necrotizing Transformation in Children withMediterranean journal of hematology and infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a machine learning model for critical progression risk in pediatric severe community-acquired pneumonia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Bronchoalveolar lavage cytokine profile and clinical features as risk predictors of plastic bronchitis in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- [Value of calprotectin S100 A8/A9 in predicting the severity ofZhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2024Article
- Screening and verification of differentially expressed serum proteins in children with severe adenovirus pneumonia.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Prognostic accuracy of biomarkers of immune and endothelial activation in Mozambican children hospitalized with pneumonia.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- Heparin-Binding Protein: A Prognostic Biomarker Associated with Severe or Complicated Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children.Journal of inflammation research · 2023Article
- Red Blood Cell Distribution Width and Pediatric Community-Acquired Pneumonia Disease Severity.Hospital pediatrics · 2022Article
- Lefamulin: a New Hope in the Field of Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia.Current pharmacology reports · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCommunity-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the leading cause of death in children. Identification of reliable biomarkers offers the potential to develop a severity quantitative score to assist in clinical decision-making and improve outcomes.
methodsA systematic review and meta-analysis was performed in PubMed and EMBASE on November 13, 2018, to examine the association between host inflammatory biomarkers and CAP severity in children. The inclusion criteria were case-control, cross-sectional, and cohort studies that examined candidate serum biomarkers. We extracted outcomes of interest, means, and standardized mean differences (SMDs) of plasma and serum levels of biomarkers together with information on disease severity. Meta-analysis was performed. This review was registered in the PROSPERO international registry (CRD42019123351).
resultsTwo hundred seventy-two abstracts were identified, and 17 studies were included. Among the biomarkers evaluated, levels of C-reactive protein (CRP; SMD, 0.63; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.35 to 0.91), interleukin (IL)-6 (SMD, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.25 to 0.66), IL-8 (SMD, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.15 to 1.29), neutrophil count (SMD, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.07 to 0.47), and procalcitonin (SMD, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.20 to 1.15) were substantially increased in severe CAP. In contrast, IL-2 concentrations (SMD, -0.24; 95% CI, -0.45 to -0.03) were higher in nonsevere CAP. Study heterogeneity was reported to be high (
conclusionsOur results suggest that host biomarkers, and especially CRP, IL-6, IL-8, and procalcitonin levels, have the potential to predict severe CAP in pediatric populations.
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