ReviewFrontiers in cell and developmental biology2019
Neuroinflammation as a Factor of Neurodegenerative Disease: Thalidomide Analogs as Treatments.
Review in Frontiers in cell and developmental biology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 82 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
82 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 146 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Use of Nanocarriers to Enhance the Anti-neuroinflammatory Potential of Dietary Flavonoids in Animal Models of Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Systematic Review.Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry · 2024Pooled it
- Lenalidomide ameliorates cognitive impairment via putative AChE inhibition: an in silico and in vivo study in a scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment model.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Proteomic profiling of ANO10-deficient SH-SY5Y cells reveals candidate pathways relevant to SCAR10.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Vitamins as Modulators of Neurodegenerative Disease Pathways: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Neuroinflammatory profiles and cellular localization of TNF-α associated with chronic vanadium neurotoxicity.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Article
- Altered neurovascular coupling and associated neurotransmitter profiles in inflammatory bowel disease with distinct depressive symptoms.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Comprehensive transcriptomic analysis reveals canonical and novel pathways modulated by nanoceria in mammalian retinal degeneration.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Identification of Potential Therapeutic Agents for Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis Using Text Mining and Bioinformatics Analyses.Analytical cellular pathology (Amsterdam) · 2026Article
- Modified Guilu Erxian Glue restores immune tolerance in aplastic anemia by reprogramming T cell differentiation via the miR-146a/STAT1/SOCS1 axis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Microglia depletion improves hippocampal circuit function after mild traumatic brain injury in male mice.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026Article
- Border-associated macrophages: an emerging perspective from physiological basis and multi-disease roles to the mechanism of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Review
- Molecular links between inflammatory bowel disease and Alzheimer's disease through immune signaling and inflammatory pathways.World journal of gastroenterology · 2025Review
- Intra-nasal Delivery of Quercetin-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLCs) in the Management of Alzheimer's Disease: Formulation, In Vitro and In Vivo assessment.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Regional Molecular Changes in Chronic Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neuroinflammation.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2025Article
- Mapping Alzheimer's disease pathology using free water through integrated analysis of plasma biomarkers, microstructural DTI metrics, and macrostructural MRI measures.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- 3-Monothiopomalidomide, a new immunomodulatory imide drug (IMiD), blunts inflammation and mitigates ischemic stroke in the rat.GeroScience · 2025Article
- Downregulation of STAT3 transcription factor reverses synaptotoxic phenotype of reactive astrocytes associated with prion diseases.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2025Article
- Protective mechanism of apigenin in proton pump inhibitor-associated progressive cognitive impairment in adult zebrafish via targeting GSK-3β pathway.Metabolic brain disease · 2025Article
- Exploring TNFR1: from discovery to targeted therapy development.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Enhanced Bioavailability of a Thionated IMiD Derivative Nanosuspension for Parkinson's Disease Targeting α-Synuclein.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Article
22 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is initiated when glial cells, mainly microglia, are activated by threats to the neural environment, such as pathogen infiltration or neuronal injury. Although neuroinflammation serves to combat these threats and reinstate brain homeostasis, chronic inflammation can result in excessive cytokine production and cell death if the cause of inflammation remains. Overexpression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), a proinflammatory cytokine with a central role in microglial activation, has been associated with neuronal excitotoxicity, synapse loss, and propagation of the inflammatory state. Thalidomide and its derivatives, termed immunomodulatory imide drugs (IMiDs), are a class of drugs that target the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of TNF-α mRNA, inhibiting TNF-α production. Due to their multi-potent effects, several IMiDs, including thalidomide, lenalidomide, and pomalidomide, have been repurposed as drug treatments for diseases such as multiple myeloma and psoriatic arthritis. Preclinical studies of currently marketed IMiDs, as well as novel IMiDs such as 3,6'-dithiothalidomide and adamantyl thalidomide derivatives, support the development of IMiDs as therapeutics for neurological disease. IMiDs have a competitive edge compared to similar anti-inflammatory drugs due to their blood-brain barrier permeability and high bioavailability, with the potential to alleviate symptoms of neurodegenerative disease and slow disease progression. In this review, we evaluate the role of neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases, focusing specifically on the role of TNF-α in neuroinflammation, as well as appraise current research on the potential of IMiDs as treatments for neurological disorders.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.