ArticleAcademic pediatrics
Sources and Biomarkers of Secondhand Tobacco Smoke Exposure in Urban Adolescents.
Article in Academic pediatrics. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Patterns of use, perceptions, and cardiopulmonary health risks of cigar products: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2023Pooled it
- Association of prenatal tobacco exposure and child neurodevelopment: Analysis of the ECHO cohort study.Tobacco induced diseases · 2025Article
- The Diverging Trend in Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke Among US Children.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2024Article
- Changes and stability of hand nicotine levels in children of smokers: Associations with urinary biomarkers, reported child tobacco smoke exposure, and home smoking bans.Environment international · 2023Article
- Epidemiologic Advances Generated by the Human Health Exposure Analysis Resource Program.Current epidemiology reports · 2023Article
- Review
- The mutagenic effect of tobacco smoke on male fertility.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2022Review
- Cross-sectional study of urinary biomarkers of environmental tobacco and e-cigarette exposure and asthma morbidity.Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology · 2022Article
- High Levels of the Carcinogenic Tobacco-Specific Nitrosamine NNAL and Associated Findings in Children of Smokers: A Case Series.Biomarker insights · 2022Article
- Comparison of Levels of Three Tobacco Smoke Exposure Biomarkers in Children of Smokers.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- A Mobile Health Intervention for Adolescents Exposed to Secondhand Smoke: Pilot Feasibility and Efficacy Study.JMIR formative research · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveIn an urban adolescent population, we evaluated sources of exposure to secondhand smoke exposure (SHS), examined differences in exposure by race/ethnicity, age and sex, and determined the relationship between exposure source(s) and the biomarkers cotinine and NNAL.
methodsParticipants were recruited from a public hospital-based outpatient clinic in San Francisco, CA, USA.
resultsOf a sample of N = 298 adolescents screened, 235 were biologically confirmed to be exposed to tobacco smoke. Of those, N = 16 were active smokers and N = 219 were exposed to SHS; 91 (39%) were heavily SHS exposed (median cotinine = 0.76 ng/mL) and 128 (54%) had light SHS exposure (median cotinine = 0.11 ng/mL). Within those SHS exposed, the most common source of exposure was in a public area. No significant racial/ethnic differences were found, although African American adolescents were more likely to live in a home that allowed smoking. Older adolescents were more likely to be exposed across several difference sources, and females more likely to be exposed in a car and in public areas. Past 7-day exposure in the home, in a car, and current blunt use were significantly related to biomarkers of exposure.
conclusionsUrban adolescents are exposed to SHS across a variety of sources. Although exposure in a public area is most common, exposure in the home and in cars significantly influences tobacco biomarker levels. Interventions to reduce exposure would have the greatest impact in this population if they focused on reducing exposure in the home and in cars. History of blunt use is a strong determinant of tobacco exposure.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.