ArticleMedical education2020
Conceptualising spaced learning in health professions education: A scoping review.
Article in Medical education, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Spaced Digital Education for Health Professionals: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2024Pooled it
- Systematic review of distributed practice and retrieval practice in health professions education.Advances in health sciences education : theory and practice · 2024Pooled it
- Towards best practice in developing motor skills: a systematic review on spacing in VR simulator-based psychomotor training for surgical novices.BMC medical education · 2023Pooled it
- Enhancing cosmetic suturing skill acquisition in surgical residents through spaced learning training: a randomized controlled trial.Annals of medicine · 2024Trial
- The effect of spaced learning on the learning outcome and retention of nurse anesthesia students: a randomized-controlled study.BMC medical education · 2024Trial
- Training of the trainer for health professionals: sharing experience from Turkey to Tanzania.Medical education online · 2026Article
- Patterns of change in evidence-based practice competence following a team-based learning intervention: a quasi-experimental study.BMC nursing · 2026Article
- Primary Care Physicians' Interactions With a Novel Web-Based Active Learning Tool (The Community Fracture Capture Learning Hub): Qualitative Analysis.JMIR formative research · 2026Article
- The impact of an educational program on the electronic waste management knowledge and practices of dental interns: an interventional study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Development of a Training Program for Meta-Analytical Research: A Novel Approach to Minimizing Errors in Medical Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.The world journal of men's health · 2026Article
- Spaced learning versus traditional learning for pharmacists implementing β-lactam therapeutic drug monitoring.American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists · 2026Article
- Team FIRST: an innovative educational strategy for teaching teamwork competencies to medical students.BMC medical education · 2026Article
- Debunking educational myths: towards evidence-based simulation training.Einstein (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2026Article
- The Outcomes of A Multifaceted Educational Intervention to Reduce Moral Distress Among Critical Care Nurses.Journal of clinical nursing · 2025Article
- Generative AI as the First Patient: Practice, Feedback, and Confidence.Medical science educator · 2025Article
- A Mixed-Methods Evaluation of a Maternal Child Health Nurse Education Programme Using Moore's Outcomes Framework for Continuing Medical Education.Journal of paediatrics and child health · 2025Article
- Impact of Simulation on the Development of Nursing Students' Competence in Adult Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation.Cureus · 2024Article
- The effect of spaced E-Learning on knowledge of basic life support and satisfaction of nursing students: a quasi-experimental study.BMC medical education · 2024Article
- Cognitive perspectives on maintaining physicians' medical expertise: IV. Best practices and open questions in using testing to enhance learning and retention.Cognitive research: principles and implications · 2023Review
- Factors Influencing the Implementation of Prone Positioning during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo investigate the definitions and applications of 'spaced learning' and to propose future directions for advancing its study and practice in health professions education.
methodThe authors searched five online databases for articles published on spaced learning in health professions education prior to February 2018. Two researchers independently screened articles for eligibility with set inclusion criteria. They extracted and analysed key data using both quantitative and qualitative methods.
resultsOf the 2972 records retrieved, 120 articles were included in the review. More than 90% of these articles were published in the last 10 years. The definition of spaced learning varied widely and was often not theoretically grounded. Spaced learning was applied in distinct contexts, including online learning, simulation training and classroom settings. There was a large variety of spacing formats, ranging from dispersion of information or practice on a single day, to intervals lasting several months. Generally, spaced learning was implemented in practice or testing phases and rarely during teaching.
conclusionsSpaced learning is infrequently and poorly defined in the health professions education literature. We propose a comprehensive definition of spaced learning and emphasise that detailed descriptions of spacing formats are needed in future research to facilitate the operationalisation of spaced learning research and practice in health professions education.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.