ArticlePloS one2019
Racial discrimination in medical care settings and opioid pain reliever misuse in a U.S. cohort: 1992 to 2015.
Article in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Racial Disparities in Unmet Pain Treatment Preference, Pain Treatment Satisfaction and Subsequent Opioid Misuse: A Secondary Analysis of a National Multisite RCT.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Trial
- The Role of Satisfaction, Trust, and Shared Decision-Making in Opioid Misuse Risk After Unmet Analgesic Preferences for Acute Pain.Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine · 2026Article
- Negative Descriptors of Patients With Sickle Cell Disease in the Electronic Health Record.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Who feels safe calling 911: are prior experiences of anti-Black racial discrimination associated with hesitancy seeking emergency medical services in the event of accidental drug overdose? - a study protocol.Annals of medicine · 2025Article
- Understanding the demographics of the opioid overdose death crisis.Journal of population economics · 2025Article
- Substance Use Among Asian American Adults in 2016-2020: A Difference-in-Difference Analysis of a National Survey on Drug Use and Health Data.American journal of public health · 2023Article
- Sociocultural factors associated with persistent prescription opioid use (PPOU) among Puerto Rican adults in Massachusetts.PloS one · 2023Article
- Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Discharge Opioid Prescribing From a Hospital Medicine Service.Journal of hospital medicine · 2021Article
- "People Don't Just Start Shooting Heroin on Their 18Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2021Article
- Chronic Noncancer Pain Management and Systemic Racism: Time to Move Toward Equal Care Standards.Journal of pain research · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn the United States whites are more likely to misuse opioid pain relievers (OPRs) than blacks, and blacks are less likely to be prescribed OPRs than whites. Our objective is to determine whether racial discrimination in medical settings is protective for blacks against OPR misuse, thus mediating the black-white disparities in OPR misuse.
methodsWe used data from 3528 black and white adults in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study, an ongoing multi-site cohort. We employ causal mediation methods, with race (black vs white) as the exposure, lifetime discrimination in medical settings prior to year 2000 as the mediator, and OPR misuse after 2000 as the outcome.
resultsWe found black participants were more likely to report discrimination in a medical setting (20.3% vs 0.9%) and less likely to report OPR misuse (5.8% vs 8.0%, OR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.55, 0.93, adjusted for covariates). Our mediation models suggest that when everyone is not discriminated against, the disparity is wider with black persons having even lower odds of reporting OPR misuse (OR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.45, 0.89) compared to their white counterparts, suggesting racial discrimination in medical settings is a risk factor for OPR misuse rather than protective.
conclusionsThese results suggest that racial discrimination in a medical setting is a risk factor for OPR misuse rather than being protective, and thus could not explain the seen black-white disparity in OPR misuse.
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