ArticleBMC public health2019
Application of the Chinese version of Zelaya's HIV-related stigma scale to undergraduates in mainland China.
Article in BMC public health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Factors associated with HIV-related stigma among adults living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in the Asia-Pacific region.AIDS care · 2025Article
- The knowledge paradox: an inverted U-shaped association between HIV knowledge and stigma among older men in Sichuan Province, Southwest China.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Summary Measure of Health-Related Quality of Life and Its Related Factors Based on the Chinese Version of the Core Healthy Days Measures: Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Article
- Psychometric Characteristics of the Chinese Version of the Tuberculosis Related-Stigma Scale in a Population of Medical Students and Its Correlation with Selected Demographic Characteristics.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2024Article
- HIV/AIDS-related knowledge and attitudes toward people living with HIV among college students in Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China: a cross-sectional survey.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Discordance between perceived risk and actual risky sexual behaviors among undergraduate university students in mainland China: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Validation of Herek's attitudes toward lesbian women and gay men scale among undergraduates in mainland China.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- Knowledge and Perceptions of Chinese Female College Students Towards HIV/AIDS: A Qualitative Analysis.International journal of women's health · 2022Article
- Health behaviors of late adolescents in China: Scale development and preliminary validation.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- Inequities in the utilization of HIV counseling and testing services among undergraduates in mainland China.BMC public health · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThis cross-sectional study aims to validate the Chinese version of Zelaya's HIV-related Stigma Scale (CVZHSS) among a large undergraduate sample in mainland China, and apply it to measure the level of different dimensions of stigma and their respective determinants.
methodsFrom September 10, 2018, to January 9, 2019, a total of 10,665 eligible undergraduates conveniently drawn from 30 provinces in mainland China (except for Tibet) completed the self-designed online questionnaire distributed via sojump.com voluntarily, anonymously and confidentially. Both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (EFA and CFA) were first performed to test its construct validity, Cronbach's alpha was then used to assess its internal consistency, and Logistic regression analyses were finally carried out to identify predictors of various dimensions of stigma.
resultsAs expected from the original model, four factors (i.e., "fear of casual transmission", "moral judgment", "personal stigma" and "perceived community stigma") were extracted using principal component analysis with varimax rotation, accounting for 63.26% of the total variance. The CFA further confirmed the four-factor construct (CFI = 0.92, GFI = 0.91, RMSEA = 0.07). In addition, all the four factors demonstrated acceptable internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha ranging from 0.83 to 0.92. Stigma as measured by "fear of casual transmission" (74.4%), "moral judgement" (61.6%), "personal stigma" (79.0%) and "perceived community stigma"(36.5%) is highly prevalent among undergraduates. Except for non-freshmen, less knowledge about HIV and unsafe sex which were consistently associated with higher levels of stigma in all four dimensions, other eight variables including gender, residential area, major, sexual orientation, having ever being tested perception of HIV risk, willingness to utilize HTC service and awareness of the national AIDS policy played differential roles in affecting different dimensions of stigma.
conclusionsThe CVZHSS is a reliable and valid measurement tool and can be used to identify undergraduates with high levels of stigma. However, the four dimensions (Fear, moral judgement, personal stigma and perceived community stigma) were respectively influenced by different determinants, and thus should be treated independently when designing, implementing and evaluating stigma reduction programs.
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