Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31856395›Full record

ArticleInternational forum of allergy & rhinology2020

Correlation of mucus inflammatory proteins and olfaction in chronic rhinosinusitis.

Zachary M Soler, Frederick Yoo, Rodney J Schlosser, Jennifer Mulligan, Vijay R Ramakrishnan, Daniel M Beswick, Jeremiah A Alt, Jose L Mattos, Spencer C Payne, Kristina A Storck and 1 more

Open access · greenAbstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International forum of allergy & rhinology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
45citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
5.4field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

45 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 63 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Observational
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. [Research progress on the improvement of olfactory function by different surgical procedures for chronic rhinosinusitis].Lin chuang er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Journal of clinical otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery · 2026
    Review
  10. Review
  11. What can we learn about chronic rhinosinusitis through mucus?Current opinion in otolaryngology & head and neck surgery · 2026
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Observational
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Olfactory Loss in Rhinosinusitis: Mechanisms of Loss and Recovery.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Zachary M SolerDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.
Frederick YooDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.ORCID 0000-0002-8928-8869
Rodney J SchlosserDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.
Jennifer MulliganDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.
Vijay R RamakrishnanDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO.ORCID 0000-0003-2748-0705
Daniel M BeswickDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO.
Jeremiah A AltDivision of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT.ORCID 0000-0003-0560-5028
Jose L MattosDivision of Rhinology and Sinus Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA.
Spencer C PayneDivision of Rhinology and Sinus Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA.
Kristina A StorckDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.
Timothy L SmithDivision of Rhinology and Sinus/Skull Base Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR.ORCID 0000-0002-6424-7083
Medical University of South Carolina · USUniversity of Virginia · USOregon Health & Science University · USUniversity of Utah · US

Funding

DETERMINANTS OF SURGICAL OUTCOMES IN CHRONIC SINUSITISR01DC005805 · NIDCD · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI SMITH, TIMOTHY L, SOLER, ZACHARY M · 2004 to 2020
$7.6M
NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC005805
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundChronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is one of the most common causes of olfactory loss, but the pathophysiology underlying olfactory dysfunction in CRS has not been fully elucidated. Previous studies found correlations between olfactory cleft (OC) inflammatory cytokines/chemokines and olfaction in CRS. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between OC mucus inflammatory proteins and olfaction in a multi-institutional cohort.

methodsAdults with CRS were prospectively recruited. Demographics, comorbidities, olfactory assessment (Sniffin' Sticks), computed tomography (CT), and OC mucus for protein analysis were collected. Statistical analysis was performed to determine associations between olfactory function, OC mucus protein concentrations, and CT opacification.

resultsSixty-two patients were enrolled in the study, with an average age of 48.2 (standard deviation, 16.2) years, and 56.5% were female and 59.7% were classified as CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Ten of 26 OC mucus proteins were significantly correlated with threshold, discrimination, and identification (TDI) scores and OC opacification. Subgroup analysis by polyp status revealed that, within the CRSwNP group, C-C motif ligand 2 (CCL2), interleukin-5 (IL-5), IL-6, IL-13, IL-10, IL-9, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), CCL5, and CCL11 were significantly correlated with olfaction. For CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP), only C-X-C ligand 5 (CXCL5) showed a correlation. In CRSwNP, IL-6, IL-10, vascular endothelial growth factor-A, and immunoglobulin E (IgE) correlated with OC opacification, whereas, in CRSsNP, only CXCL5 showed a correlation. OC mucus proteins and Lund-Mackay score correlated only in the CRSsNP group (CXCL5, IL-5, IL-13, IgE).

conclusionSeveral OC mucus proteins have been found to correlate with olfactory function and OC opacification. The profile of OC mucus proteins differs between CRSsNP and CRSwNP subgroups, suggesting different mechanisms between groups, but further study is required.

Indexed as

AdultChronic DiseaseCytokinesFemaleHumansInflammationMaleMiddle AgedNasal PolypsOlfaction DisordersOlfactory MucosaRhinitisSinusitisSmellCytokineschronic rhinosinustisolfactionolfactory disorders

Identifiers

PMID31856395
PMCPMC7145735
OpenAlexW2996374257

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.