ArticleJournal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology2020
Potassium iodide enhances the photobactericidal effect of methylene blue on Enterococcus faecalis as planktonic cells and as biofilm infection in teeth.
Article in Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Strategies to Enhance the Efficacy and Clinical Translation of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Photodynamic therapy-induced anticandidal effects via reactive oxygen species generation from bisdemethoxycurcumin and potassium iodide.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Boosting the antibacterial potency of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy against oral pathogens through supplement agents: A narrative review.Journal of dental sciences · 2025Review
- Potentiation of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with potassium iodide and methylene blue: targeting oral biofilm viability.Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2024Article
- Enhancement of Fluoride's Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Effects against OralAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Photosensitized Oxidative Damage from a New Perspective: The Influence of Before-Light and After-Light Reaction Conditions.The Journal of organic chemistry · 2024Review
- Efficient and Selective, In Vitro and In Vivo, Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy with a Dicationic Chlorin in Combination with KI.ACS infectious diseases · 2024Article
- In vitro photoinactivation effectiveness of a portable LED device aimed for intranasal photodisinfection and a photosensitizer formulation comprising methylene blue and potassium iodide against bacterial, fungal, and viral respiratory pathogens.Lasers in medical science · 2024Article
- Sonic-assisted antibacterial photodynamic therapy: a strategy for enhancing lateral canal disinfection.BMC oral health · 2024Article
- Article
- Photosensitizers combination approach to enhance photodynamic inactivation of planktonic and biofilm bacteria.Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2023Article
- Phenylalanine-Arginine-β-Naphthylamide Enhances the Photobactericidal Effect of Methylene Blue onPhotobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery · 2023Article
- Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy against oral biofilm: influencing factors, mechanisms, and combined actions with other strategies.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- In vitro antibacterial effects of photodynamic therapy against Enterococcus faecalis in root canals of deciduous teeth.BMC oral health · 2022Article
- Antimicrobial Photodynamic Effect of Cross-Kingdom Microorganisms with Toluidine Blue O and Potassium Iodide.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Development of a Polymeric Film Entrapping Rose Bengal and Iodide Anion for the Light-Induced Generation and Release of Bactericidal Hydrogen Peroxide.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Synergistic Effect of Combination of a Temoporfin-Based Photodynamic Therapy with Potassium Iodide or Antibacterial Agents on Oral Disease Pathogens In Vitro.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Synergistic effects of silver ions and metformin against enterococcus faecalis under high-glucose conditions in vitro.BMC microbiology · 2021Article
- Antimicrobial Photodynamic Approach in the Inactivation of Viruses in Wastewater: Influence of Alternative Adjuvants.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Interplay of phosphate and carbonate ions with flavin photosensitizers in photodynamic inactivation of bacteria.PloS one · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo explore the effectiveness, biosafety, photobleaching and mechanism of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) using methylene blue (MB) plus potassium iodide (KI), for root canal infections.
methodsDifferent combinations and concentrations of MB, KI and 660 nm LED light were used against E. faecalis in planktonic and in biofilm states by colony-forming unit (CFU), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) were used for safety testing by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) and fluorescence microscopy (FLM). The photobleaching effect and mechanisms were analyzed.
resultsKI could not only enhance MB aPDT on E. faecalis in both planktonic and biofilm states even in a hypoxic environment, but also produced a long-lasting bactericidal effect after end of the illumination. KI could accelerate photobleaching to reduce tooth staining by MB, and the mixture was harmless for HGFs. Mechanistic studies showed the generation of hydrogen peroxide and free iodine, and iodine radicals may be formed in hypoxia.
conclusionaPDT with MB plus KI could be used for root canal disinfection and clinical studies are worth pursuing.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.