ArticleTranslational vision science & technology2019
Occurrence of Transmembrane Protein 119 in the Retina is Not Restricted to the Microglia: An Immunohistochemical Study.
Article in Translational vision science & technology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- IL-1-mediated vitreous inflammation as an early indicator of retinal ganglion cell loss following acute optic nerve injury.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- A method for distinguishing and separating retinal microglia from infiltrating macrophages during an ocular inflammatory event.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- A mutation inMolecular vision · 2026Article
- Vitreous Inflammation as an Early Indicator of Retinal Ganglion Cell Loss Following Acute Optic Nerve Injury in Mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Priming and release of cytokine IL-1β in microglial cells from the retina.Experimental eye research · 2025Article
- CX3CR1Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Article
- Retinal microglia express more MHC class I and promote greater T-cell-driven inflammation than brain microglia.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Article
- Identification and Characterization of TMEM119-Positive Cells in the Postnatal and Adult Murine Cochlea.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- Microglial morphometric analysis: so many options, so little consistency.Frontiers in neuroinformatics · 2023Review
- Cross-Talk and Subset Control of Microglia and Associated Myeloid Cells in Neurological Disorders.Cells · 2022Review
- Histology and clinical imaging lifecycle of black pigment in fibrosis secondary to neovascular age-related macular degeneration.Experimental eye research · 2022Article
- Optimizing AAV2/6 microglial targeting identified enhanced efficiency in the photoreceptor degenerative environment.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2021Article
- Flow cytometry analysis of immune and glial cells in a trigeminal neuralgia rat model.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Macrophage Identification In Situ.Biomedicines · 2021Review
- Cytokine and Complement Response in the Glaucomatous βB1-CTGF Mouse Model.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2021Article
- Tools and Approaches for Studying MicrogliaFrontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Distinct Residential and Infiltrated Macrophage Populations and Their Phagocytic Function in Mild and Severe Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Damage.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeRecently, a new marker protein for microglial cells in the brain was postulated, transmembrane protein 119 (TMEM119), raising the hope for a new opportunity to reliably and unambiguously detect microglial cells in histologic sections. It was of interest whether TMEM119 also was a reliable microglial marker in the retina.
methodsAnti-TMEM119 antibodies of two providers were used to label microglia in the murine retina, and labeling properties were compared to those of antibodies against Iba1 and CD11b. As an example of a pathologic situation, labeling for TMEM119 was also performed in eyes treated by an argon laser as an experimental model for choroidal neovascularization.
resultsTMEM119 immunoreactivity (IR) was found on microglial cells in the naïve retina. However, specificity and sensitivity of TMEM119 IR varied clearly depending on the source of the antibody, age of the mouse, and location of retinal microglia. After laser treatment, however, microglial cells lost their IR for TMEM119 at the site of the laser spot. Moreover, other cells became positive for TMEM119; for example, Müller cells.
conclusionsTMEM119 is a useful marker for the microglia in the brain. However, retinal microglia shows variable IR for TMEM119, and the microglia is not the only cell showing TMEM IR. Therefore, TMEM119 appears not to be applicable as a general marker for the retinal microglia in pathologic situations. TRANSLATIONAL RELEVANCE: Reliable detection and quantification of microglial cells is of high importance to study disease mechanisms and effects of therapeutic approaches in the retina.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.