ReviewLancet (London, England)2020
Dynamics of the double burden of malnutrition and the changing nutrition reality.
Review in Lancet (London, England), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 774 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Evaluation of Nutritional Status in Chimalhuacán Children: Anthropometric, Biochemical, and Molecular Approaches
An Integrated Intervention to Address the Double Burden of Malnutrition in Guatemala
Who cites it
774 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,499 citations in OpenAlex.
- Double Burden of Malnutrition Prevalence in Pregnant Women: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Impacts of rising food prices on nutritional outcomes and mortality of children in low and middle-income countries: a systematic review.BMJ global health · 2026Pooled it
- Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity and Its Associated Factors among Preschool Children in Sub-Saharan Africa: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Pooled it
- Climate variability, pastoral and agro-pastoral livestock systems, and human nutrition in African drylands: a PRISMA-based systematic review of evidence, pathways, and policy implications.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Environmental Impact of Current Diets and Alternative Dietary Scenarios Worldwide: A Systematic Review.Nutrition reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Trial
- Developing the NOMI framework for food and nutrition security in a climate-exposed delta: qualitative evidence from the Indian Sundarbans.Dialogues in health · 2026Article
- Assessment of health and nutrition status among children aged 5-9 years in Pakistan: a cross-sectional survey (2020).The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2026Article
- El Niño-Southern Oscillation and Diarrhea Risk among Young Children in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.Environmental health perspectives · 2026Article
- Enzymatic hydrolysis by Alcalase of red bean protein to develop corn starch/red bean protein hydrolysate complex for reduced glycemic response in vitro.Journal of the science of food and agriculture · 2026Article
- Food insecurity and cardiometabolic diseases among people with HIV in West Africa.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Article
- Article
- Environmental and Individual Influences on Adolescent Diets in an Urban Informal Settlement in Kenya: Perspectives from Adolescents and Influential Adults.Current developments in nutrition · 2026Article
- Anaemia Prevalence, Severity and Sex Disparities Among Healthcare-Seeking Adults in Rural Chattogram Division, Bangladesh: Evidence From a Community-Based Portable Health Clinic Programme.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Enhanced Metabolic Risks in Patients with Obesity and Nutritional Deficiencies in the U.S.: A TriNetX Study.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Article
- The impact and evolution of environmental/occupational, behavioural, and metabolic risk factors on CVD burdens in the Asia-Pacific region from 1990 to 2023: a secondary analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2026Article
- The Triple Burden of Malnutrition among Children and Adolescents in Indonesia during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Narrative Review.Current developments in nutrition · 2026Review
- Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity Among Children Younger Than 5 Years in India.JAMA network open · 2026Article
714 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The double burden of malnutrition (DBM), defined as the simultaneous manifestation of both undernutrition and overweight and obesity, affects most low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). This Series paper describes the dynamics of the DBM in LMICs and how it differs by socioeconomic level. This Series paper shows that the DBM has increased in the poorest LMICs, mainly due to overweight and obesity increases. Indonesia is the largest country with a severe DBM, but many other Asian and sub-Saharan African countries also face this problem. We also discuss that overweight increases are mainly due to very rapid changes in the food system, particularly the availability of cheap ultra-processed food and beverages in LMICs, and major reductions in physical activity at work, transportation, home, and even leisure due to introductions of activity-saving technologies. Understanding that the lowest income LMICs face severe levels of the DBM and that the major direct cause is rapid increases in overweight allows identifying selected crucial drivers and possible options for addressing the DBM at all levels.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.