ArticleBMC pharmacology & toxicology2019
Evaluation of immunological, inflammatory, and oxidative stress biomarkers in gasoline station attendants.
Article in BMC pharmacology & toxicology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Associations between ambient exposure to styrene, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes and hospitalizations in the US Gulf region.Environmental research · 2026Article
- BTEX chrono-metabolism and leukemogenic effects of night shift work in workers of gasoline stations: the EXPOSOWORK prospective panel study in Bulgaria.Journal of the National Cancer Center · 2025Article
- Carcinogenicity of automotive gasoline and some oxygenated gasoline additives.The Lancet. Oncology · 2025Article
- Occupational exposure to organic solvents and risk of bladder cancer.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2024Article
- Increased oxidative stress in shoe industry workers with low-level exposure to a mixture of volatile organic compounds.Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju · 2024Article
- Induced sputum abnormalities in gas station attendants.International archives of occupational and environmental health · 2022Article
- Evaluation of theVeterinary world · 2022Article
- Article
- Buckwheat, rooibos, and vitex extracts can mitigate adverse effects of xylene on ovarian cells in vitro.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGasoline is a complex mixture of saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, in which aromatic compounds, such as BTX (benzene, toluene, and xylene) feature as the main constituents. Simultaneous exposure to these aromatic hydrocarbons causes a significant impact on benzene toxicity. In order to detect early alterations caused in gasoline station attendants exposed to BTX compounds, immunological, inflammatory, and oxidative stress biomarkers were evaluated.
methodsA total of 66 male subjects participated in this study. The gasoline station attendants (GSA) group consisted of 38 gasoline station attendants from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The non-exposed group consisted of 28 subjects who were non-smokers and who had no history of occupational exposure. Environmental and biological monitoring of BTX exposure was performed using blood and urine.
resultsThe GSA group showed increased BTX concentrations in relation to the non-exposed group (p < 0.001). The GSA group showed elevated protein carbonyl (PCO) levels and pro-inflammatory cytokines, decreased expression of CD80 and CD86 in monocytes, and reduced glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity compared to the non-exposed group (p < 0.05). BTX levels and trans,trans-muconic acid levels were positively correlated with pro-inflammatory cytokines and negatively correlated with interleukin-10 contents (p < 0.001). Increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were accompanied by increased PCO contents and decreased GST activity (p < 0.001). Furthermore, according to the multiple linear regression analysis, benzene exposure was the only factor that significantly contributed to the increased pro-inflammatory cytokines (p < 0.05).
conclusionsTaken together, these findings show the influence of exposure to BTX compounds, especially benzene, on the immunological, inflammatory, and oxidative stress biomarkers evaluated. Furthermore, the data suggest the relationship among the evaluated biomarkers of effect, which could contribute to providing early signs of damage to biomolecules in subjects occupationally exposed to BTX compounds.
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