Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31849984›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2019

The Synergistic Use of IL-15 and IL-21 for the Generation of NK Cells From CD3/CD19-Depleted Grafts Improves Their

Annekathrin Heinze, Beatrice Grebe, Melanie Bremm, Sabine Huenecke, Tasleem Ah Munir, Lea Graafen, Jochen T Frueh, Michael Merker, Eva Rettinger, Jan Soerensen and 4 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
47citing papers in PubMed
2.2field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

47 citing papers in PubMed, 60 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Nanomedicine for Cancer and Autoimmune Immunotherapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  5. Article
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  7. Article
  8. Empowering Natural Killer Cells to Combat Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Perspective on CAR-NK Cell Therapy.Transfusion medicine and hemotherapy : offizielles Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Transfusionsmedizin und Immunhamatologie · 2025
    Review
  9. Review
  10. NK cells in HPV-related tumorigenesis: mechanisms and clinical applications.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025
    Review
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Annekathrin HeinzeExperimental Immunology, Department for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Beatrice GrebeExperimental Immunology, Department for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Melanie BremmDivision for Stem Cell Transplantation, Immunology and Intensive Care Medicine, Department for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Sabine HueneckeDivision for Stem Cell Transplantation, Immunology and Intensive Care Medicine, Department for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Tasleem Ah MunirExperimental Immunology, Department for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Lea GraafenExperimental Immunology, Department for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Jochen T FruehExperimental Immunology, Department for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Michael MerkerDivision for Stem Cell Transplantation, Immunology and Intensive Care Medicine, Department for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Eva RettingerDivision for Stem Cell Transplantation, Immunology and Intensive Care Medicine, Department for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Jan SoerensenDivision for Stem Cell Transplantation, Immunology and Intensive Care Medicine, Department for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Thomas KlingebielDepartment for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Peter BaderDivision for Stem Cell Transplantation, Immunology and Intensive Care Medicine, Department for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Evelyn UllrichExperimental Immunology, Department for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Claudia CappelDivision for Stem Cell Transplantation, Immunology and Intensive Care Medicine, Department for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
University Hospital Frankfurt · DEGoethe University Frankfurt · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common solid extracranial tumor in childhood. Despite therapeutic progress, prognosis in high-risk NB is poor and innovative therapies are urgently needed. Therefore, we addressed the potential cytotoxic capacity of interleukin (IL)-activated natural killer (NK) cells compared to cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells for the treatment of NB. NK cells were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by indirect CD56-enrichment or CD3/CD19-depletion and expanded with different cytokine combinations, such as IL-2, IL-15, and/or IL-21 under feeder-cell free conditions. CIK cells were generated from PBMCs by

Indexed as

Hematopoietic Stem Cell TransplantationImmunotherapyAntigens, CD19CD3 ComplexCell Line, TumorHumansInterleukin-15Interleukin-21InterleukinsKiller Cells, NaturalNeuroblastomaTransplantsAntigens, CD19CD19 molecule, humanCD3 ComplexIL15 protein, humanInterleukin-15Interleukin-21InterleukinsCD3/CD19 depletionCIK cellsex vivo expansionIL-15IL-21immunotherapyneuroblastomaNK cells

Identifiers

PMID31849984
PMCPMC6901699
OpenAlexW2994592568

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.