ReviewFrontiers in pharmacology2019
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Cardiotoxicity: Current Understanding on Its Mechanism, Diagnosis and Management.
Review in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- Brazilian Society of Cardiology Guideline on Myocarditis - 2022.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2022Guideline
- Risk of Cardiac Adverse Events in Patients Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Regimens: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Pooled it
- Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices in Oncology Patients: Challenges and Management.Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology · 2026Review
- Targeting Siglec-E Modulates Macrophage Polarization to Attenuate Cardiac Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction.Journal of cardiovascular translational research · 2026Article
- Preliminary exploration of the role of CD8Biomedical reports · 2026Article
- Electrocardiographic changes in immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated cardiac injury: a narrative review.Cardiovascular diagnosis and therapy · 2026Review
- Drug-induced adverse events in modern pharmacotherapy: mechanisms, clinical manifestations, and implications for risk assessment and management.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related cardiotoxicity: a cellular pharmacology perspective on susceptibility and resistance.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in cancer patients with type 2 diabetes and established immune checkpoint inhibitor-related cardiotoxicity: a retrospective analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- MLKL-Mediated Necroptosis Predominantly Contributes to Immune-Associated Myocardial Damage.Inflammation · 2025Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Cardiovascular Adverse Events.ESC heart failure · 2025Review
- The role of tumor types in immune-related adverse events.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Review
- Risk factors of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related cardiotoxicity: a scoping review.The oncologist · 2025Article
- Unmasking the Rare but Lethal Cardiac Complications of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy: A Review of Mechanisms, Risk Factors, and Management Strategies.Current treatment options in oncology · 2025Review
- Cardiotoxicity induced by chemotherapy and immunotherapy in cancer treatment: a bibliometric analysis.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- From Bench to Bedside: Translational Approaches to Cardiotoxicity in Breast Cancer, Lung Cancer, and Lymphoma Therapies.Cancers · 2025Review
- Changes in tumor and cardiac metabolism upon immune checkpoint.Basic research in cardiology · 2025Review
- Blood-derived ratio indexes associated with severity and prognosis of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related cardiotoxicity: a retrospective analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Investigating the Benefit-Risk Profile of Drugs: From Spontaneous Reporting Systems to Real-World Data for Pharmacovigilance.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025Article
- The Good (Tumor Killing) and the Bad (Cardiovascular Complications) of Immunologic Checkpoint Inhibitors.Current cardiology reports · 2024Review
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) that target cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4, programmed cell death-1, and PD-ligand 1 have revolutionized cancer treatment, achieving unprecedented efficacy in multiple malignancies. ICIs are increasingly being used in early cancer settings and in combination with various other types of therapies, including targeted therapy, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. However, despite the excellent therapeutic effect of ICIs, these medications typically result in a broad spectrum of toxicity reactions, termed immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Of all irAEs, cardiotoxicity, uncommon but with high mortality, has not been well recognized. Herein, based on previous published reports and current evidence, we summarize the incidence, diagnosis, clinical manifestations, underlying mechanisms, treatments, and outcomes of ICI-associated cardiotoxicity and discuss possible management strategies. A better understanding of these characteristics is critical to managing patients with ICI-associated cardiotoxicity.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.