Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31849138›Full record

Trial reportAddiction (Abingdon, England)2020

Cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analysis of a work-place smoking cessation intervention with and without financial incentives.

Floor A van den Brand, Gera E Nagelhout, Bjorn Winkens, Niels H Chavannes, Onno C P van Schayck, Silvia M A A Evers

Open access · hybridAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
8.2field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Promoting healthy behaviour with financial incentives: three challenges and solutions for large scale implementation.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.

Floor A van den BrandDepartment of Family Medicine, Maastricht University (CAPHRI), Maastricht, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-3312-8874
Gera E NagelhoutDepartment of Family Medicine, Maastricht University (CAPHRI), Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Bjorn WinkensDepartment of Methodology and Statistics, Maastricht University (CAPHRI), Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Niels H ChavannesDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Onno C P van SchayckDepartment of Family Medicine, Maastricht University (CAPHRI), Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Silvia M A A EversDepartment of Health Services Research, Maastricht University (CAPHRI), the Netherlands.
Maastricht University · NLLeiden University Medical Center · NL

Funding

KWF Kankerbestrijding UM 2015-7943
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsTo perform an economic evaluation of a work-place smoking cessation group training programme with incentives compared with a training programme without incentives.

designA trial-based cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) and cost-utility analysis (CUA) from a societal perspective and an employer's perspective.

settingSixty-one companies in the Netherlands.

participantsA total of 604 tobacco-smoking employees. INTERVENTION AND COMPARATOR: A 7-week work-place smoking cessation group training programme. The intervention group earned gift vouchers of €350 for 12 months' continuous abstinence. The comparator group received no incentives. MEASUREMENTS: Online questionnaires were administered to assess quality of life (EQ-5D-5 L) and resource use during the 14-month follow-up period (2-month training period plus 12-month abstinence period). For the CEA the primary outcome measure was carbon monoxide (CO)-validated continuous abstinence; for the CUA the primary outcome was quality-adjusted life years (QALY). Bootstrapping and sensitivity analyses were performed to account for uncertainty. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) tables were used to determine cost-effectiveness from a life-time perspective.

findingsOf the participants in the intervention group, 41.1% had quit smoking compared with 26.4% in the control group. From a societal perspective with a 14-month follow-up period, the ICER per quitter for an intervention with financial incentives compared with no incentives was €11 546. From an employer's perspective, the ICER was €5686. There was no significant difference in QALYs between the intervention and control group within the 14-month follow-up period. The intervention was dominated by the comparator in the primary analysis at a threshold of €20 000 per QALY. In the sensitivity analysis, these results were uncertain. A life-time perspective showed an ICER of €1249 (95% confidence interval = €850-2387) per QALY.

conclusionsFinancial incentives may be cost-effective in increasing quitting smoking, particularly from a life-time perspective.

Indexed as

Cost-Benefit AnalysisMotivationRewardAdultFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNetherlandsQuality-Adjusted Life YearsSmoking CessationWorkplaceCost-effectivenesscost-utilityeconomic evaluationemployeesfinancial incentivesQALYRCTsmoking cessationwork-place

Identifiers

PMID31849138
PMCPMC7027826
OpenAlexW2995115411

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.