ArticleJournal of neurology2020
Differentiating societal costs of disability worsening in multiple sclerosis.
Article in Journal of neurology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Delivering high-quality multiple sclerosis care in Germany: challenges and regional models.Neurological research and practice · 2026Review
- Inpatient care for people with multiple sclerosis - a secondary data analysis in Germany between 2019 and 2024.Neurological research and practice · 2026Article
- Cost patterns of long-term prescribed medications in patients with multiple sclerosis in Germany.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Cost and effectiveness of autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation and high-efficacy disease-modifying therapies in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Article
- Early use of high-efficacy therapies in multiple sclerosis in the United States: benefits, barriers, and strategies for encouraging adoption.Journal of neurology · 2024Review
- Sufficiency for PSS tracking gait disorders in multiple sclerosis: A managerial perspective.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Disease Burden and Costs Associated with Multiple Sclerosis in China: A Cross-sectional Analysis of Nationwide Survey Data.Neuroscience bulletin · 2024Article
- CD8+ T cells recognizing a neuron-restricted antigen injure axons in a model of multiple sclerosis.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2023Article
- Exploring the impact of exercise and essential amino acid plus cholecalciferol supplementation on physical fitness and body composition in multiple sclerosis: A case study.Clinical case reports · 2023Article
- Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Ocrelizumab for the Treatment of Relapsing and Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis in Portugal.PharmacoEconomics - open · 2023Article
- Data Resource Profile: The Multiple Sclerosis Documentation System 3D and AOK PLUS Linked Database (MSDS-AOK PLUS).Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis: A Review of Clinical Characteristics, Definition, Prognostic Tools, and Disease-Modifying Therapies.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2023Review
- The need for a strategic therapeutic approach: multiple sclerosis in check.Therapeutic advances in chronic disease · 2022Review
- Article
- Assessment of Disability Progression Independent of Relapse and Brain MRI Activity in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis in Poland.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- Article
- Real-World Evidence on the Societal Economic Relapse Costs in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis.PharmacoEconomics · 2020Observational
- Gaining First Insights on Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis Patients Treated With Siponimod in Clinical Routine: Protocol of the Noninterventional Study AMASIA.JMIR research protocols · 2020Article
- The Multiple Sclerosis Health Resource Utilization Survey (MS-HRS): Development and Validation Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIn multiple sclerosis (MS), confirmed disability progression (CDP) can be either the result of progression independent of relapse activity (PIRA) or relapse-associated worsening (RAW). However, the economic effect of PIRA and RAW on societal economic costs in patients with MS is not well understood.
objectiveTo determine societal economic costs of patients achieving disease activity free status (DAF) and compare them with those having PIRA and RAW events.
methodsWe used a roving EDSS score analysis to detect PIRA and RAW events with confirmation after at least 6 months. We estimated the age-, gender-, EDSS-adjusted effects of PIRA and RAW on total, direct medical, direct non-medical and indirect societal economic costs. Patients achieving DAF were assigned to as reference.
resultsOverall, 1959 patients were analyzed. Total mean quarterly societal economic costs including disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) were 6929€ (SD: 2886€) per patient averaged over a period of 2 years. Excluding DMTs, patients achieving DAF had total mean quarterly costs of 1703€ (SD: 2489€). PIRA caused 29% (IRR: 1.29; CI 1.06-1.50, p < 0.05) higher total costs compared to DAF. On the contrary, RAW increased total costs by factor 1.56 (CI 1.30-1.87, p < 0.001). The effect of PIRA and RAW was striking for direct medical costs which increased by factor 1.48 (95% CI 1.13-1.95, p < 0.01) and 2.25 (95% CI 1.72-2.94, p < 0.001), respectively.
conclusionDisease progression increases societal economic costs significantly. Thus, delaying or even preventing disease progression in MS may reduce the societal economic burden of MS.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.