ArticlemBio2019
Tryptophan Metabolism Activates Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-Mediated Pathway To Promote HIV-1 Infection and Reactivation.
Article in mBio, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Commensal bacteria inhibit viral infections via a tryptophan metabolite.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Aryl hydrocarbon receptor pharmacology-mechanisms, ligands, and therapeutic potential.Pharmacological reviews · 2026Review
- Two orthobunyaviruses: OYAV and EBIV co-opt the AhR-CYP1A1 axis to suppress type I interferon responses.Virologica Sinica · 2026Article
- The human plasma amino acids balance favours HIV replication in primary CD4 T lymphocytes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Schizophrenia as a Disorder of Biological Barriers: A Narrative Review and Potential Interventions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Retroelements in thyroid cancer: epigenetic plasticity, dedifferentiation, and therapeutic opportunities.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026Review
- The kynurenine pathway in RNA virus infection: immunometabolic control of antiviral defense and viral persistence.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Grand Challenges on HIV/AIDS in China - The 5th Symposium, Yunnan 2024.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Elevated peripheral and nervous system inflammation is associated with decreased short-chain fatty acid levels in Zika virus-infected macaques.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Pathogenic SIV infection is associated with acceleration of epigenetic age in rhesus macaques.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Article
- New mechanisms and therapeutic approaches to regulate vascular permeability in systemic inflammation.Current opinion in hematology · 2025Review
- The role of the AHR in host-pathogen interactions.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2025Review
- Aryl hydrocarbon receptor facilitates HSV-1 lytic infection by enhancing viral gene transcription and receptor expression.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation alters immune cell populations in the lung and bone marrow during coronavirus infection.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2024Article
- Comprehensive analysis of a tryptophan metabolism-related model in the prognostic prediction and immune status for clear cell renal carcinoma.European journal of medical research · 2024Article
- Role of aryl hydrocarbon receptors in infection and inflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- A Review of the Evidence for Tryptophan and the Kynurenine Pathway as a Regulator of Stem Cell Niches in Health and Disease.International journal of tryptophan research : IJTR · 2024Review
- Early ART reduces viral seeding and innate immunity in liver and lungs of SIV-infected macaques.JCI insight · 2023Article
- Identification of aryl hydrocarbon receptor as a barrier to HIV-1 infection and outgrowth in CD4Cell reports · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multiple cellular metabolic pathways are altered by HIV-1 infection, with an impact on immune activation, inflammation, and acquisition of non-AIDS comorbid diseases. The dysfunction of tryptophan (Trp) metabolism has been observed clinically in association with accelerated HIV-1 pathogenesis, but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), a ligand-activated transcription factor, is activated by Trp metabolites to promote HIV-1 infection and reactivation. AHR directly binds to the HIV-1 5' long terminal repeat (5'-LTR) at the molecular level to activate viral transcription and infection, and AHR activation by Trp metabolites increases its nuclear translocation and association with the HIV 5'-LTR; moreover, the binding of AHR with HIV-1 Tat facilitates the recruitment of positive transcription factors to viral promoters. These findings not only elucidate a previously unappreciated mechanism through which cellular Trp metabolites affect HIV pathogenesis but also suggest that a downstream target AHR may be a potential target for modulating HIV-1 infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.