ArticleJournal of neuroinflammation2019
Stress-induced microglial activation occurs through β-adrenergic receptor: noradrenaline as a key neurotransmitter in microglial activation.
Article in Journal of neuroinflammation, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers.
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Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 107 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuroinflammation and noradrenergic modulation with β2-adrenoceptors: Emerging therapeutic targets for Parkinson's diseases.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Intraoperative temporal interference (TI)-noninvasive brain stimulation prevents postoperative delirium in mice.Fundamental research · 2026Article
- β-Adrenergic receptors as immunomodulators in T cells: mechanisms of neuroimmune crosstalk and pathophysiological implications.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Review
- Propranolol alleviates cerebral infarction through the β2-AR-mediated ERK/NLRP3 pathway.iScience · 2026Article
- Repeated restraint stress-induced increase in post-surgical somatosensory hypersensitivity and affective responding is mediated by β-adrenergic receptor activation and spinal NLRP3-IL1β signalling in male rats.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- A human-derived Bacteroides strain attenuates depressive-like behavior in a rat model of social defeat-induced stress.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Glial-Dopamine crosstalk: Astrocytic and microglial gatekeepers of neuroinflammation, plasticity, and motivation.AIMS neuroscience · 2026Review
- Persistent priming of hypothalamic microglia is associated with sensitization of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis to acute stress, hyperactivity and behavioral response disruption in male rats.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- A locus coeruleus-centric framework for novelty, salience, and gamma oscillations: implications for neurostimulation, aging, and disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- Uncovering the role of c-Fos in the bidirectional relationship between depression/anxiety behaviors and α-synuclein propagation in Parkinson's disease.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026Article
- Hepatic sEH drives stress-induced neuroinflammation via IL-6 and liver-brain axis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Synergetic effect of a DSP4-induced locus coeruleus lesion and systemic LPS exacerbates substantia nigra dopaminergic neuron loss.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The beta1-adrenergic receptor in the heart.Cell death discovery · 2025Review
- Prime editing of the βNature communications · 2025Article
- High-throughput cytokine detection platform for evaluation of chemical induced microglial activation.SLAS technology · 2025Article
- Adrenergic Control of P2Y6 Receptor-Dependent Phagocytosis in Rodent and Human Microglia.Glia · 2025Article
- Autonomic modulation of the immune response and implications for CNS malignancies.NPJ precision oncology · 2025Review
- Microglia Sing the Prelude of Neuroinflammation-Associated Depression.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Inhibition of hippocampal mossy fiber plasticity and episodic memory by human Aβ oligomers is prevented by enhancing cAMP signaling in Alzheimer's mice.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Noradrenergic Locus Coeruleus-CA3 Activation Alleviates Neuropathic Pain and Anxiety- and Depression-Like Behaviors by Suppressing Microglial Neuroinflammation in SNI Mice.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe involvement of microglia in neuroinflammatory responses has been extensively demonstrated. Recent animal studies have shown that exposure to either acute or chronic stress induces robust microglial activation in the brain. In the present study, we investigated the underlying mechanism of brain microglial activation by acute stress.
methodsWe first looked at the spatial distribution of the noradrenaline (NA)-synthesizing enzyme, DBH (dopamine β-hydroxylase), in comparison with NA receptors-β1, β2, and β3 adrenergic receptors (β1-AR, β2-AR, and β3-AR)-after which we examined the effects of the β-blocker propranolol and α-blockers prazosin and yohimbine on stress-induced microglial activation. Finally, we compared stress-induced microglial activation between wild-type (WT) mice and double-knockout (DKO) mice lacking β1-AR and β2-AR.
resultsThe results demonstrated that (1) microglial activation occurred in most studied brain regions, including the hippocampus (HC), thalamus (TM), and hypothalamus (HT); (2) within these three brain regions, the NA-synthesizing enzyme DBH was densely stained in the neuronal fibers; (3) β1-AR and β2-AR, but not β3-AR, are detected in the whole brain, and β1-AR and β2-AR are co-localized with microglial cells, as observed by laser scanning microscopy; (4) β-blocker treatment inhibited microglial activation in terms of morphology and count through the whole brain; α-blockers did not show such effect; (5) unlike WT mice, DKO mice exhibited substantial inhibition of stress-induced microglial activation in the brain.
conclusionsWe demonstrate that neurons/microglia may interact with NA via β1-AR and β2-AR.
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