ArticleRespiratory research2019
Electronic cigarette vapour increases virulence and inflammatory potential of respiratory pathogens.
Article in Respiratory research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review of the Literature Examining the Effects of Cigarette Smoke and e-Cigarette Vapor on the Virulence of Human Pathogenic Bacteria.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Lung Damage Caused by Heated Tobacco Products and Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- E-cigarette use and respiratory disorders: an integrative review of converging evidence from epidemiological and laboratory studies.The European respiratory journal · 2021Pooled it
- Vape-Associated lncRNA Transcript 1 (VALT1) Amplifies the Tumorigenic Effects of e-Cigarette Vapor in Lung Epithelial Cells.Non-coding RNA · 2026Article
- Natural and synthetic chemicals acting as enhancers of bacterial pathogenic success within the human host.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Risk factors and prediction model for chronic bacterial infection in stable bronchiectasis in Shanghai, China.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Comparative Effects of Cigarette Smoke and Heated Tobacco Product Aerosols on Biofilm Production by Respiratory Pathogens.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Immunological Effects of Electronic Cigarette Use: A Review of Current Evidence.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- The Impact of E-Cigarettes on Oral Health-A Narrative Review.Dentistry journal · 2024Review
- Tobacco-enhanced biofilm formation by Porphyromonas gingivalis and other oral microbes.Molecular oral microbiology · 2024Review
- Impact of electronic cigarette usage on the onset of respiratory symptoms and COPD among Chinese adults.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Rapidly progressive empyema in the setting of vaping in an otherwise healthy patient.BMJ case reports · 2023Article
- Pathogenesis of E-Cigarette Vaping Product Use-Associated Lung Injury (EVALI).Comprehensive Physiology · 2023Article
- Aerosolized nicotine from e-cigarettes alters gene expression, increases lung protein permeability, and impairs viral clearance in murine influenza infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Prevalence, knowledge and factors associated with e-cigarette use among parents of secondary school children.Public health in practice (Oxford, England) · 2022Article
- Predicting the pulmonary effects of long-term e-cigarette use: are the clouds clearing?European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2022Review
- E-Cigarette Toxicology.Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology · 2022Review
- The Association of Electronic Cigarette Use With SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 Disease Severity.Tobacco use insights · 2022Article
- A roadmap from unknowns to knowns: Advancing our understanding of the microbiomes of commercially available tobacco products.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2021Review
- Vaping discussion in the COVID-19 pandemic: An observational study using Twitter data.PloS one · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionBacteria have been extensively implicated in the development of smoking related diseases, such as COPD, by either direct infection or bacteria-mediated inflammation. In response to the health risks associated with tobacco exposure, the use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) has increased. This study compared the effect of e-cig vapour (ECV) and cigarette smoke (CSE) on the virulence and inflammatory potential of key lung pathogens (Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa).
methodsBiofilm formation, virulence in the Galleria mellonella infection model, antibiotic susceptibility and IL-8/TNF-α production in A549 cells, were compared between bacteria exposed to ECV, CSE and non-exposed bacteria.
resultsStatistically significant increases in biofilm and cytokine secretion were observed following bacterial exposure to either ECV or CSE, compared to non-exposed bacteria; the effect of exposure to ECV on bacterial phenotype and virulence was comparable, and in some cases greater, than that observed following CSE exposure. Treatment of A549 cells with cell signaling pathway inhibitors prior to infection, did not suggest that alternative signaling pathways were being activated following exposure of bacteria to either ECV or CSE.
conclusionsThese findings therefore suggest that ECV and CSE can induce changes in phenotype and virulence of key lung pathogens, which may increase bacterial persistence and inflammatory potential.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.