SynthesisInternational journal of environmental research and public health2019
The Impact of Green Space on Violent Crime in Urban Environments: An Evidence Synthesis.
Synthesis in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Examining Psychosocial and Economic Barriers to Green Space Access for Racialised Individuals and Families: A Narrative Literature Review of the Evidence to Date.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Biodiversity in Urban Green Space: A Bibliometric Review on the Current Research Field and Its Prospects.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- [Environment and health-prerequisites for safety and resilience. Position paper of the Environmental Public Health Commission].Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz · 2026Article
- Pathways to Mental Health: Exploring the Relationships Among Neighborhood Hostility, Crime, Built Environment, and Perceived Safety.Journal of community psychology · 2026Article
- Trajectories of Physical Violence Against Latinas and Black Women: The Protective Role of Parents, Neighborhoods, and Schools.Violence against women · 2026Article
- The Association Between Vacant Lot Redevelopment and Violent/Firearm Violent Crime: A Difference-in-Difference Analysis From 2007 to 2023.American journal of public health · 2026Article
- Examining associations between street vegetation and child firearm violence at microgeographic locations in 3 US cities: a case-control study.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Does greenspace influence the associations between ambient temperature and violent crime? An observational study.Environmental research letters : ERL [Web site] · 2025Article
- Environmental racism: associations between poverty, pollution, and pediatric gun violence.BMC pediatrics · 2025Observational
- 'More than a pill': a qualitative co-exploration of the things that matter in young women's stories of adherence to antiretroviral treatment in South Africa.Research involvement and engagement · 2025Article
- A state-level analysis of macro-level factors associated with hospital readmissions.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2024Article
- Associations between violent crime inside and outside, air temperature, urban heat island magnitude and urban green space.International journal of biometeorology · 2024Article
- Quantifying Nature: Introducing NatureScoreAmerican journal of health promotion : AJHP · 2024Article
- A Scoping Review of Urban Planning Decision Support Tools and Processes That Account for the Health, Environment, and Economic Benefits of Trees and Greenspace.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- The role of physical activity in the relationship between exposure to community violence and mental health: A systematic review.Preventive medicine reports · 2023Review
- Association between urban greenspace, tree canopy cover and intentional deaths: An exploratory geospatial analysis.Urban forestry & urban greening · 2023Article
- How Green Spaces Can Combat Gun Violence in America.American journal of public health · 2023Article
- Association between urban green space and postpartum depression, and the role of physical activity: a retrospective cohort study in Southern California.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2023Article
- Exploring the benefits of nature-based interventions in socio-economically deprived communities: a narrative review of the evidence to date.Perspectives in public health · 2023Review
- The Association between Physical Environment and Externalising Problems in Typically Developing and Neurodiverse Children and Young People: A Narrative Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Can the presence of green space in urban environments reduce the frequency of violent crime? To ascertain the evidence on this topic, we conducted an in-depth literature review using the PRISMA checklist. The search parameters included US articles written in English and published since 2000. More than 30,000 potential paper titles were identified and ultimately, 45 papers were selected for inclusion. Green spaces typically comprised tree cover, parks and ground cover. Criminal behaviors typically included murder, assault, and theft. The majority of the research reviewed involved quantitative methods (e.g., comparison of green space area to crime data). We extracted multiple mechanisms from the literature that may account for the impact of green space on crime including social interaction and recreation, community perception, biophilic stress reduction, climate modulation, and spaces expressing territorial definition. Recommendations are made for future research, such as meta-analysis of existing data and the development of grounded theory through qualitative data-gathering methods. By providing evidence that access to nature has a mitigating impact on violence in urban settings, city governments and communities are empowered to support these interventions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.