ReviewMycopathologia2020
Human Pythiosis: Emergence of Fungal-Like Organism.
Review in Mycopathologia, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Rapid Visual Detection ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Mapping environmental suitability foriScience · 2026Article
- Simplified Point-of-Care Testing for Human Pythiosis: Development of a Whole-Blood-Based Lateral Flow Immunoassay.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A rare case of pythium brain infection presenting as severe neurological deterioration in a pediatric patient: A case report and literature review.Radiology case reports · 2026Article
- Molecular Detection ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Anti-Pythium insidiosum activity of three novel triazole compounds: synthesis, pharmacokinetic and toxicological parameters.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2025Article
- Development of lateral flow immunochromatographic assay with Anti-Pythium insidiosum antibodies for point-of-care testing of vascular pythiosis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Clinical Features, Microbiological Characteristics, and Drug Sensitivity Analysis of Rare Human Spinal Pythiosis Strain.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Functional characterization of macrophages and change of Th1/Th2 balance in patients with pythiosis after Pythium insidiosum antigen immunotherapy.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Cutaneous Lagenidium deciduum infection in a patient with relapsed acute myeloid leukemia.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Treating Pythiosis with Antibacterial Drugs Targeting Protein Synthesis: An Overview.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Potential anti-Microbiology spectrum · 2024Article
- Needs assessment of a pythiosis continuing professional development program.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Article
- A Review: Antimicrobial Therapy for Human Pythiosis.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Global Distribution and Clinical Features of Pythiosis in Humans and Animals.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Rare Fungal Keratitis Caused by Verticillium dahliae.Mycopathologia · 2022Article
- Vascular pythiosis caused by Pythium aphanidermatum: the first case report in Asia.European journal of medical research · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pythiosis is an emerging infectious disease caused by the aquatic oomycete Pythium insidiosum, a fungal-like organism. It is believed that P. insidiosum's zoospores, its infected form, play major role in pathogenesis. Vascular and ocular infections are the most common clinical manifestation in humans. It is difficult to establish the diagnosis given its relatively rarity and difficulty to distinguish P. insidiosum from other molds. Delay in diagnosis and treatment has been associated with poor outcomes. High index of suspicion is the key, particularly in thalassemia patients with arterial insufficiency and patients with fungal keratitis/endophthalmitis without improvement on antifungal therapy. Tissue culture and zoospore induction remain gold standard for diagnosis; however, DNA-based method should be performed simultaneously. The combination of radical surgery, antifungal agents, and immunotherapy has been recommended. It was previously believed that surgery with negative surgical margins was the essential to survive in vascular pythiosis; however, it was recently found that patients could have residual disease despite documented negative surgical margins as infected clot may be dislodged to proximal arterial sites prior to surgery. Serum β-D-glucan (BG) has been used to monitor disease response after treatment initiation in vascular pythiosis. A significant decrease in BG levels within 2 weeks after surgery is indicative of the absence of residual infection. Unfortunately, monitoring tools for ocular pythiosis are not yet available. Itraconazole plus terbinafine have generally been used in P. insidiosum-infected patients; however, antibacterial agents, including azithromycin and linezolid, have also been used with favorable outcomes in ocular disease. Recently, azithromycin or clarithromycin plus doxycyclin were used in two relapsed vascular pythiosis patients with good outcomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.