ArticleNature communications2019
Genome-wide analysis identifies molecular systems and 149 genetic loci associated with income.
Article in Nature communications, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 111 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
111 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 198 citations in OpenAlex.
- The impact of assortative mating, participation bias and socioeconomic status on the polygenic risk of behavioural and psychiatric traits.Nature human behaviour · 2024Pooled it
- Schoolhouse risk: Can we mitigate the polygenic Pygmalion effect?Acta psychologica · 2024Trial
- Influence of omega-3 fatty acids on post-traumatic stress disorder: prospective cohort study and Mendelian randomisation findings.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2026Article
- Association Between Socioeconomic Status and Atrial Fibrillation: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.Annals of noninvasive electrocardiology : the official journal of the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Inc · 2026Article
- Associations of ADHD genetic risk with objective and subjective economic wellbeing: evidence from Finnish population-based cohorts.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2026Article
- A comprehensive overview of the biological foundations of ADHD.Bioscience reports · 2026Review
- Multi-omics integration predicts the incidence of 17 diseases in the UK Biobank.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Gene-Environment Interplay Between Residential Walkability and BMI: A Finnish Twin Study.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2026Article
- Ancient regulatory evolution shapes individual language abilities in present-day humans.Science advances · 2026Article
- Genome-wide association study of delay discounting identifies 11 loci and reveals transdiagnostic associations across mental and physical health.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Exploring the genetic overlap between substance use disorder and educational attainment.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Article
- AI-guided multi-omics analysis identifies NPC1-modulated susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection under PMNature communications · 2026Article
- Ancient regulatory evolution shapes individual language abilities in present-day humans.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Genetic liability to addiction underlies comorbid bipolar and substance use disorders.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- A deep ensemble encoder network method for improved polygenic risk score prediction.BioData mining · 2026Article
- Using human genetics to understand the epidemiological association between child obesity at different ages and MASLD.International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2026Article
- Twenty years of genome-wide association studies: Health translation challenges and AI opportunities.European journal of human genetics : EJHG · 2025Review
- Multivariate genome-wide analysis reveals shared genetic architecture and brain structural correlates of human cognitive abilities.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Plasma circulating microRNAs and symptoms of depression: Results from a population-based study.Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2025Article
- Family income and polygenic scores are independently but not interactively associated with cognitive performance among youth genetically similar to European reference populations.Development and psychopathology · 2025Article
51 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors at 8 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Socioeconomic position (SEP) is a multi-dimensional construct reflecting (and influencing) multiple socio-cultural, physical, and environmental factors. In a sample of 286,301 participants from UK Biobank, we identify 30 (29 previously unreported) independent-loci associated with income. Using a method to meta-analyze data from genetically-correlated traits, we identify an additional 120 income-associated loci. These loci show clear evidence of functionality, with transcriptional differences identified across multiple cortical tissues, and links to GABAergic and serotonergic neurotransmission. By combining our genome wide association study on income with data from eQTL studies and chromatin interactions, 24 genes are prioritized for follow up, 18 of which were previously associated with intelligence. We identify intelligence as one of the likely causal, partly-heritable phenotypes that might bridge the gap between molecular genetic inheritance and phenotypic consequence in terms of income differences. These results indicate that, in modern era Great Britain, genetic effects contribute towards some of the observed socioeconomic inequalities.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.