ArticleBMJ open2019
Study protocol for the Melbourne Infant Study: BCG for Allergy and Infection Reduction (MIS BAIR), a randomised controlled trial to determine the non-specific effects of neonatal BCG vaccination in a low-mortality setting.
Article in BMJ open, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Randomised, Controlled Trial to Determine if BCG Immunisation at Birth Reduces Allergy and Infection in Infants
A Single-arm Clinical Trial to Investigate COVID-19 Specific Vaccine and Heterologous Immunity in the Melbourne Infant Study of BCG for Allergy and Infection Reduction (COSI BAIR)
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Neonatal Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Vaccination to Prevent Early-Life Eczema: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Dermatitis : contact, atopic, occupational, drugPooled it
- The influence of neonatal BCG vaccination on in vitro cytokine responses to Plasmodium falciparum.BMC immunology · 2024Trial
- Use of a paediatric advice line for parents of infants recruited to a randomised controlled trial.BMJ paediatrics open · 2023Trial
- Neonatal BCG Vaccination Reduces Interferon-γ Responsiveness to Heterologous Pathogens in Infants From a Randomized Controlled Trial.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2020Trial
- Changes in Atopic Sensitisation From 1 to 5 Years of Age: Longitudinal Data From the MIS BAIR Trial.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2026Article
- Dental Caries Detection in Children Using Intraoral Scanners Featuring Fluorescence: Diagnostic Agreement Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2025Article
- Neonatal Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Vaccination Decreases Eczema Incidence at 5 years: The MIS BAIR Randomised Controlled Trial.Allergy · 2025Article
- Article
- Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy and Trained Immunity.Allergy · 2025Review
- Nonspecific Effects of the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Vaccine in Portuguese Children Under 5 Years of Age: Protocol for a Population-Based Historical Birth Cohort Study.JMIR research protocols · 2024Article
- Caries Detection in Primary Teeth Using Intraoral Scanners Featuring Fluorescence: Protocol for a Diagnostic Agreement Study.JMIR research protocols · 2023Article
- The association between the composition of the early-life intestinal microbiome and eczema in the first year of life.Frontiers in microbiomes · 2023Article
- Metagenomics analysis of the neonatal intestinal resistome.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Article
- BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccination in children alters cytokine responses to heterologous pathogens and Toll-like receptor agonists.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Prophylactic and therapeutic insights into trained immunity: A renewed concept of innate immune memory.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Review
- Neonatal Subcutaneous BCG Vaccination Decreases Atherosclerotic Plaque Number and Plaque Macrophage Content inBiology · 2022Article
- Data Resource Profile: Melbourne Children's LifeCourse initiative (LifeCourse).International journal of epidemiology · 2022Article
- A pragmatic approach to infant feeding for food allergy prevention.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2022Article
- Neonatal BCG vaccination is associated with a long-term DNA methylation signature in circulating monocytes.Science advances · 2022Article
- Trained immunity: A Yin-Yang balance.MedComm · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
19 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionBCG vaccination reduces all-cause infant mortality in high-mortality settings by more than can be attributed to protection against tuberculosis. This is proposed to result from non-specific protection against non-vaccine targeted ('off-target') infections. There is also evidence that BCG protects against allergic diseases. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The Melbourne Infant Study: BCG for Allergy and Infection Reduction is a phase III multicentre, single-blinded, randomised controlled trial. A total of 1438 healthy neonates will be randomised to receive either BCG vaccination or no BCG vaccination in the first 10 days of life. Measures of allergy, eczema, infection and asthma will be obtained from parent-completed questionnaires 3 monthly in the first year and 6 monthly from 1 to 5 years of age, and clinical assessments at 1 and 5 years of age. Biological samples will also be collected for future immunological studies. ANALYSIS PRIMARY OUTCOME: The proportion of participants with measures of allergy and infection (atopic sensitisation, eczema, lower respiratory tract infection) at 1 and 5 years of age, and asthma at 5 years of age. SECONDARY OUTCOMES: (1) the proportion of participants with additional measures of allergy, eczema, asthma and infections; (2) medication use for eczema and asthma; (3) the severity and age of onset of eczema and asthma; (4) the number of episodes of infection; (5) hospitalisations for infections and (6) laboratory measures of immune responses. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This trial has ethical and governance approval from Mercy Health Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC, No. R12-28) and Royal Children's Hospital HREC (No. 33025) with additional governance approval from Barwon Health and St John of God, Geelong, Victoria. Results of this trial will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at scientific conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT01906853.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.