ArticleJournal for immunotherapy of cancer2019
Immunogenic cell death induced by a new photodynamic therapy based on photosens and photodithazine.
Article in Journal for immunotherapy of cancer, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 166 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
166 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 261 citations in OpenAlex.
- Photodithazine-Mediated Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy: A Systematic Review of Efficacy and Applications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- The Relationship Between Immunogenic Cell Death and Cellular Senescence in Cancer Immunotherapy.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Photodynamic immune stimulation eradicates primary pigmented melanoma and induces long-lasting anti-tumor immunity.British journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Photodynamic therapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: immunomodulation and stromal targeting of cancer-associated fibroblasts.Translational oncology · 2026Review
- Context-Dependent Mechanisms of Oncologic Photodynamic Therapy: A Framework Linking Treatment Parameters to Cellular, Vascular, and Immune Responses.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The Influence of the Central Metal (Zn) in the Porphyrin Skeleton on the Mechanism Induced by Photodynamic Therapy.Cancers · 2026Review
- A Naphthalimide-Based NIR-Emissive AIE Photosensitizer for Synergistic Apoptosis/Ferroptosis-Mediated Antitumor Therapy and Broad-Spectrum Bacterial Inactivation With Rapid Wound Healing.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Photodynamic therapy mediates antitumor effects through multiple non‑apoptotic cell death pathways.Journal of biomedical science · 2026Review
- GPX4 in the Tumor Microenvironment: Not Just Inhibiting Ferroptosis, but Immuno-Metabolic Regulation.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Emerging roles of ferroptosis in modulating the immune landscape of glial tumours.Nature cell biology · 2026Review
- Endobiliary Photodynamic Therapy in Cholangiocarcinoma: Clinical Outcomes, Patient Selection, and Procedural Context.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Review
- Ferroptosis with Contributions from Apoptosis and Necroptosis in Porphyrazine III-Based Photodynamic Therapy of Primary Human Gliomas.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- The clinical ionizable lipid SM-102 enhances photochemical immunogenic cell death by verteporfin-conjugated liposomes and improves survival in vivo.Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2026Article
- Cascade-activatable small-molecule theranostic nanomicelles for photodynamic-immunotherapy of immune-cold lung tumors.Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2026Article
- Thrombospondin-1 triggers calreticulin expression in human mucoepidermoid carcinoma MC-3 cells via the PERK/CHOP pathway.Oncology letters · 2026Article
- Photo- and Immunotherapy Interface: Can Dendritic Cell Vaccines Overcome the Limitations of PDT?Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Ferroptosis-armed dendritic cell vaccines for glioma immunotherapy.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Advances and challenges of ferroptosis in tumor immunity.Journal of physiology and biochemistry · 2026Review
- Immunogenic cell death as a cornerstone for combination therapies with immune checkpoint blockade.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Special Issue "Molecular Advances in Oncological Photodynamic Therapy".International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
106 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAnti-cancer therapy is more successful when it can also induce an immunogenic form of cancer cell death (ICD). Therefore, when developing new treatment strategies, it is extremely important to choose methods that induce ICD and thereby activate anti-tumor immune response leading to the most effective destruction of tumor cells. The aim of this work was to analyze whether the clinically widely used photosensitizers, photosens (PS) and photodithazine (PD), can induce ICD when used in photodynamic therapy (PDT).
methodsCell death in murine glioma GL261 or fibrosarcoma MCA205 cells was induced by PS- or PD-PDT and cell death was analyzed by MTT or flow cytometry. Intracellular distribution of PS and PD was studied by using the laser scanning microscope. Calreticulin exposure and HMGB1 and ATP release were detected by flow cytometry, ELISA and luminescence assay, respectively. Immunogenicity in vitro was analyzed by co-culturing of dying cancer cells with bone-marrow derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) and rate of phagocytosis and maturation (CD11c
resultsWe determined the optimal concentrations of the photosensitizers and found that at a light dose of 20 J/cm
conclusionsAltogether, these results identify PS and PD as novel ICD inducers that could be effectively combined with PDT in cancer therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.