ArticleWorld journal of surgical oncology2019
Clinical analysis of adrenal lesions larger than 5 cm in diameter (an analysis of 251 cases).
Article in World journal of surgical oncology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Robotic-assisted versus laparoscopic adrenalectomy for large adrenal tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International urology and nephrology · 2025Pooled it
- Robotic Adrenalectomy for Large Virilizing Adrenal Mass: a Case Report and Literature Review.Maedica · 2026Review
- Natural history of large adrenal tumors.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- A rare initial presentation of giant pheochromocytoma: a case report of acute pulmonary embolism complicated by catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Article
- Early readmission after adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma. A retrospective study.Langenbeck's archives of surgery · 2025Article
- Side-specific factors for intraoperative hemodynamic instability in laparoscopic adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma: a comparative study.Surgical endoscopy · 2024Article
- Outcomes of Minimally Invasive Adrenalectomy for Large Adrenal Masses: A Multi-Centre Experience in Saudi Arabia.Cureus · 2024Article
- Adrenal Cysts: To Operate or Not to Operate?Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Adrenal cysts: an emerging condition.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2023Review
- Comparison of Perioperative Outcomes Between Laparoscopic and Robot-Assisted Adrenalectomy for Large Pheochromocytoma (≥ 5cm): A Retrospective Study.Cancer management and research · 2023Article
- A comparison of robotic and laparoscopic minimally invasive adrenalectomy for adrenal malignancies.Surgical endoscopy · 2022Article
- Synchronous gastric cancer and primary lymphoma of right adrenal gland: a case report.Clinical journal of gastroenterology · 2021Article
- A Nomogram for Predicting Intraoperative Hemodynamic Instability in Patients With Pheochromocytoma.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Article
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12 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundTo describe the pathological distribution, imaging manifestations, and surgical managements and prognosis of large adrenal tumors (LATs) ≥ 5 cm
methodsA total of 251 patients with LATs were analyzed on the basis of pathological or clinical diagnosis. Regarding surgery, open adrenalectomy was performed on 89 patients, and laparoscopic adrenalectomy was performed on 89 patients. Thirty-two patients with bilateral tumors were analyzed in terms of clinical characteristics. The survival rate was determined for 43 patients with adrenal metastases and 29 patients with primary adrenal malignancies. The CT characteristics including tumor diameter, shape, edge, heterogeneity, necrosis, calcification, pre-contrast attenuation, and contrast attenuation were analyzed for 117 patients.
resultsThe majority of LATs were still benign, but they had a higher probability to be malignant. Benign LATs made up 68.13% of all cases, mainly adrenal cysts (19.52%), pheochromocytoma (18.73%), benign adenoma (16.73%), and myelolipoma (7.17%). Malignant LATs accounted for 28.69% of cases, mainly including adrenocortical carcinoma (8.76%) and metastases (17.13%). Laparoscopic surgery was found to involve less trauma than open surgery. It was also safer and postoperative recovery was faster, but it had drawbacks and could not completely replace open surgery. CT features had obvious specificity for the diagnosis of benign and malignant tumors. For example, benign adenomas had a smaller pre-contrast (< 10 Hu) whereas malignant adrenal tumors had, on the contrary, higher attenuation. Regarding adrenal malignant carcinoma, adrenal primary malignant tumors showed a better prognosis than adrenal metastases (mean survival of 19.17 months vs 9.49 months). Primary adrenal cortical carcinoma without metastasis had a better prognosis than primary adrenal cortical carcinoma metastasis (mean survival of 23.71 months vs 12.75 months), and adrenal solitary metastasis had a better prognosis than general multiple metastatic carcinoma (mean survival of 14.95 months vs 5.17 months).
conclusionLATs were more likely to be benign; however, they still had a high probability of being a malignant tumor. Understanding the clinicopathological characteristics of LATs can facilitate selection of more effective clinical treatment options.
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