Trial reportRetina (Philadelphia, Pa.)2020
ROBOT-ASSISTED VITREORETINAL SURGERY IMPROVES SURGICAL ACCURACY COMPARED WITH MANUAL SURGERY: A Randomized Trial in a Simulated Setting.
Trial report in Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of robot-assisted surgical training in medical education: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.BMC surgery · 2025Pooled it
- Development of Teleoperated Robotic System for Remote Intraocular Microsurgery.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Bimanual Manipulation of Steady-Hand Eye Robots with Adaptive Sclera Force Control: Cooperative vs. Teleoperation Strategies.IEEE transactions on human-machine systems · 2025Article
- Control Modes of Teleoperated Surgical Robotic System's Tools in Ophthalmic Surgery.IEEE transactions on medical robotics and bionics · 2025Article
- A novel robot-assisted subretinal injection system: preliminary validation in ex vivo porcine eyes.Journal of robotic surgery · 2025Article
- Impact of artificial intelligence on academic performance in medical education: A systematic review.Journal of education and health promotion · 2025Review
- Review
- Microinterventional system for robot-assisted gonioscopic surgery- technical feasibility and preclinical evaluation in synthetic eye models.BMC ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Microsurgery Robots: Applications, Design, and Development.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Using the language of surgery to enhance ophthalmology surgical education.Surgery open science · 2023Review
- Robotics and cybersurgery in ophthalmology: a current perspective.Journal of robotic surgery · 2023Review
- Simultaneous Online Registration-Independent Stiffness Identification and Tip Localization of Surgical Instruments in Robot-assisted Eye Surgery.IEEE transactions on robotics : a publication of the IEEE Robotics and Automation Society · 2023Article
- Review
- Do People Trust in Robot-Assisted Surgery? Evidence from Europe.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Adaptive Control Improves Sclera Force Safety in Robot-Assisted Eye Surgery: A Clinical Study.IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering · 2021Article
- Auditory Feedback Effectiveness for Enabling Safe Sclera Force in Robot-Assisted Vitreoretinal Surgery: a Multi-User Study.Proceedings of the ... IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems. IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems · 2020Article
- Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality in Ophthalmology: A Contemporary Prospective.Asia-Pacific journal of ophthalmology (Philadelphia, Pa.)Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo compare manual and robot-assisted vitreoretinal surgery using a virtual-reality surgical simulator.
methodsRandomized controlled crossover study. Ten experienced vitreoretinal surgeons and 10 novice ophthalmic surgeons were included. The participants were randomized to start with either manual or robot-assisted surgery. Participants completed a test session consisting of three vitreoretinal modules on the Eyesi virtual-reality simulator. The automated metrics of performance supplied by the Eyesi simulator were used as outcome measures. Primary outcome measures were time with instruments inserted (seconds), instrument movement (mm), and tissue treatment (mm).
resultsRobot-assisted surgery was slower than manual surgery for both novices and vitreoretinal surgeons, 0.24 SD units (P = 0.024) and 0.73 SD units (P < 0.001), respectively. Robot-assisted surgery allowed for greater precision in novices and vitreoretinal surgeons, -0.96 SD units (P < 0.001) and -0.47 SD units (P < 0.001), respectively. Finally, novices using robot-assisted surgery inflicted less tissue damage when compared with that using manual surgery, -0.59 SD units (P = 0.009).
conclusionAt the cost of time, robot-assisted vitreoretinal surgery seems to improve precision and limit tissue damage compared with that of manual surgery. In particular, the performance of novice surgeons is enhanced with robot-assisted vitreoretinal surgery.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.