ArticleTransboundary and emerging diseases2020
Emergence of West Nile virus lineage 2 in Europe: Characteristics of the first seven cases of West Nile neuroinvasive disease in horses in Austria.
Article in Transboundary and emerging diseases, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epidemiology of West Nile virus in Africa: An underestimated threat.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Pooled it
- Differential properties of NS1 glycoproteins in West Nile and Usutu viruses.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- Cocirculation of endemic and recently introduced West Nile Virus lineage 1 clades in Southern Spain.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- West Nile Virus in Europe: Epidemiology, Vector Ecology, Environmental Drivers, and the Role of Equine Sentinel Surveillance in a One Health Framework.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Seroprevalence and Passive Clinical Surveillance of West Nile Virus in Horses from Ecological High-Risk Areas in Western Romania: Exploratory Findings from a Cross-Sectional Study.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Cellular Immune Response in Horses After West Nile Neuroinvasive Disease.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Detection of West Nile virus via retrospective mosquito arbovirus surveillance, United Kingdom, 2025.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025Article
- An Overview of Infectious and Non-Infectious Causes of Pregnancy Losses in Equine.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Review
- Lessons Learned from West Nile Virus Infection:Vaccinations in Equines and Their Implications for One Health Approaches.Viruses · 2024Review
- Severe Neurologic Disease in a Horse Caused by Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus, Austria, 2021.Viruses · 2023Article
- Comparison of West Nile Virus Disease in Humans and Horses: Exploiting Similarities for Enhancing Syndromic Surveillance.Viruses · 2023Review
- Article
- Epidemiology and Clinical Manifestation of West Nile Virus Infections of Equines in Hungary, 2007-2020.Viruses · 2022Article
- European College of Equine Internal Medicine consensus statement on equine flaviviridae infections in Europe.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2022Article
- Monitoring Urban Zoonotic Virus Activity: Are City Rats a Promising Surveillance Tool for Emerging Viruses?Viruses · 2022Article
- Diversity of West Nile and Usutu virus strains in mosquitoes at an international airport in Austria.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2022Article
- Seroprevalence and Risk Factors for Equine West Nile Virus Infections in Eastern Germany, 2020.Viruses · 2022Article
- Article
- West Nile Virus Lineage 1 in Italy: Newly Introduced or a Re-Occurrence of a Previously Circulating Strain?Viruses · 2021Article
- West Nile Virus and Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Are Endemic in Equids in Eastern Austria.Viruses · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We report details of the first seven equine cases of confirmed West Nile neuroinvasive disease in Austria. The cases presented during summer and autumn of 2016 (n = 2), 2017 (n = 3) and 2018 (n = 2). All horses showed gait abnormalities and 6 of 7 horses exhibited fasciculations and/or tremors, and we provide video recordings of these. Three horses also showed cranial nerve involvement. Following rapid improvement, three horses were discharged. Four horses were euthanized due to the severity of clinical signs and subjected to neuropathological examination. West Nile virus (WNV) lineage 2 nucleic acid was detected in 5 of 7 horses, and WNV-specific neutralizing antibodies in all 7 horses. In addition, serologic evidence of WNV infection was found in two out of fourteen in-contact horses. Horses may be considered a sentinel species for human WNV infections, integrating human and veterinary medicine and thus contributing to the one health concept.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.