ArticleParasitology2020
Article in Parasitology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and NETosis in alcohol-associated diseases: A systematic review.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2025Pooled it
- NETosis and Neutrophil Activity Quantification in Pediatric Patients with Essential Thrombocythemia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Review
- Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Lipid and Metabolite Distributions in Cysts ofJournal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry · 2025Article
- Cellular immune responses of bovine polymorphonuclear neutrophils toFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Comprehensive whole metagenomics analysis uncovers microbial community and resistome variability across anthropogenically contaminated soils in urban and suburban areas of Tamil Nadu, India.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- AMPK and CAMKK activation participate in early events ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- The CAMKK/AMPK Pathway Contributes toInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Holotomography and atomic force microscopy: a powerful combination to enhance cancer, microbiology and nanotoxicology research.Discover nano · 2024Review
- Bovine PMN responses to extracellular vesicles released byFrontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Fasciola hepatica soluble antigens (FhAg) induce ovine PMN innate immune reactions and NET formation in vitro and in vivo.Veterinary research · 2023Article
- Moonlighting chromatin: when DNA escapes nuclear control.Cell death and differentiation · 2023Review
- Allergen-induced DNA release by the airway epithelium amplifies type 2 immunity.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2023Article
- Article
- Article
- Dynamics of cell cycle proteins involved inFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Adverse Effects of Single Neutrophil Extracellular Trap-Derived Components on Bovine Sperm Function.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- The role of extracellular traps in ischemia reperfusion injury.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Damage associated molecular patterns and neutrophil extracellular traps in acute pancreatitis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Besnoitia besnoiti is an obligate intracellular apicomplexan protozoan parasite, which causes bovine besnoitiosis. Recently increased emergence within Europe was responsible for significant economic losses in the cattle industry due to the significant reduction of productivity. However, still limited knowledge exists on interactions between B. besnoiti and host innate immune system. Here, B. besnoiti bradyzoites were successfully isolated from tissue cysts located in skin biopsies of a naturally infected animal, and we aimed to investigate for the first time reactions of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) exposed to these vital bradyzoites. Freshly isolated bovine PMN were confronted to B. besnoiti bradyzoites. Scanning electron microscopy (s.e.m.)- and immunofluorescence microscopy-analyses demonstrated fine extracellular networks released by exposed bovine PMN resembling suicidal NETosis. Classical NETosis components were confirmed via co-localization of extracellular DNA decorated with histone 3 (H3) and neutrophil elastase (NE). Live cell imaging by 3D holotomographic microscopy (Nanolive®) unveiled rapid vital NETosis against this parasite. A significant increase of autophagosomes visualized by specific-LC3B antibodies and confocal microscopy was observed in B. besnoiti-stimulated bovine PMN when compared to non-stimulated group. As such, a significant positive correlation (r = 0.37; P = 0.042) was found between B. besnoiti-triggered suicidal NETosis and autophagy. These findings suggest that vital- as well as suicidal-NETosis might play a role in early innate host defence mechanisms against released B. besnoiti bradyzoites from tissue cysts, and possibly hampering further parasitic replication. Our data generate first hints on autophagy being associated with B. besnoiti bradyzoite-induced suicidal NETosis and highlighting for first time occurrence of parasite-mediated vital NETosis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.