ArticleEuropean journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology2020
What is the risk of missing legionellosis relying on urinary antigen testing solely? A retrospective Belgian multicenter study.
Article in European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- MixedInfectious disease reports · 2026Article
- The spectrum of legionnaires' disease: a case series illustrating clinical diversity and outcomes.AME case reports · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial susceptibility of Legionella gormanii: species-specific ECOFFs, distinct MICs for rifampin versus Legionella pneumophila.Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials · 2025Article
- Lymphadenitis caused byFrontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Uncovering Gaps in Knowledge: A Survey of Belgian General Practitioners' Awareness of Legionnaires' Disease Diagnostic Testing.Infectious disease reports · 2024Article
- Legionnaires' Disease: Update on Diagnosis and Treatment.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2022Review
- A Tale of Four Danish Cities:International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Septic shock due to co-infection withIDCases · 2022Article
- Article
- Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2021Article
- Rapid and Point-of-Care Testing in Respiratory Tract Infections: An Antibiotic Guardian?ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Currently, diagnosis of legionellosis relies mainly on urinary antigen testing (UAT) for Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 (Lp1). However, this test has several limitations, particularly missing non-Lp1 infections. The purpose of this large multicenter study was to investigate the risk of missing legionellosis relying on UAT solely. Molecular results of Legionella detection as part of a first-line (syndromic) testing algorithm for severe respiratory tract infections were investigated retrospectively and compared with UAT results in 14 Belgian laboratories. Overall, 44.4% (20/45) UAT results appeared false negative and were reclassified as legionellosis based on PCR findings [Legionnaires' disease, 37.5% (15/40); Pontiac fever, 100% (5/5)]. A total of 39.4% (26/66) diagnosis probably would have been missed or delayed without a syndromic approach, as UAT or specific molecular testing for Legionella was not requested by the clinician. Furthermore, we confirmed the higher sensitivity of molecular Legionella detection in lower respiratory tract compared with upper respiratory tract specimens (p = 0.010).
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