Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31837385›Full record

ReviewSurvey of ophthalmology

Primary ductal adenocarcinoma of the lacrimal gland: A review and report of five cases.

Thonnie Rose O See, Gustav Stålhammar, Tina Tang, Joshua S Manusow, David R Jordan, Jeffrey A Nerad, Robert C Kersten, Marc Yonkers, Nasreen A Syed, Seymour Brownstein and 1 more

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Survey of ophthalmology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Imaging features of lacrimal gland disease.Frontiers in ophthalmology · 2025
    Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Rare Diseases of the Orbit.Laryngo- rhino- otologie · 2021
    Review
  9. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.

Thonnie Rose O SeeDepartment of Ophthalmology and Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Gustav StålhammarOncology and Pathology Service, St. Erik Eye Hospital and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Tina TangDepartment of Ophthalmology and Pathology, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Joshua S ManusowDepartment of Ophthalmology and Pathology, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
David R JordanDepartment of Ophthalmology and Pathology, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Jeffrey A NeradCincinnati Eye Institute, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Robert C KerstenDepartment of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Marc YonkersKaiser Permanente, South San Francisco, California, USA.
Nasreen A SyedF.C. Blodi Eye Pathology Laboratory, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Seymour BrownsteinDepartment of Ophthalmology and Pathology, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Hans E GrossniklausDepartment of Ophthalmology and Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. Electronic address: ophtheg@emory.edu.
University of Ottawa · CAEmory University · USCincinnati Eye Institute · USKaiser Permanente South San Francisco Medical Center · USKarolinska Institutet · SEUniversity of California, San Francisco · USUniversity of Iowa · US

Funding

P30-Core Grant for Vision Research Core CP30EY006360 · NEI · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI BOATRIGHT, JEFFREY H · 1986 to 2025
$15.3M
NEI NIH HHS P30 EY006360
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Primary ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is a rare epithelial tumor of the lacrimal gland. Herein we report 5 cases and review 29 published cases of PDA of the lacrimal gland. Among these 5 cases, the most common clinical presentation was painless swelling and/or proptosis of their eye. The size of the lesions ranged from 1.6 to 2.5 cm. Histopathologic examination revealed proliferations of ductal or gland-like cells with vesiculated pleomorphic nuclei and prominent nucleoli. Tumor cells stained positive for epithelial and apocrine differentiation markers. Immunohistochemistry for human epidermal growth factor 2 was positive in 2 of the 4 cases. Four of the five patients were alive at the last follow-up visit. One died with bone metastases, which were diagnosed 25 months after exenteration and then survived an additional 51 months. On reviewing of twenty-nine previously published cases of PDA, the mean age of diagnosis was 58 years, with a male predominance (75%). Fifteen patients (54%) had distant metastases, 1 (4%) had local recurrence, and 10 (37%) suffered from a PDA-related death. PDA is a high-grade aggressive epithelial tumor of the lacrimal gland. Although rare, awareness and recognition of this malignancy are important to help determine prognosis and treatment options.

Indexed as

AdenocarcinomaBiomarkers, TumorHumansLacrimal ApparatusLacrimal Apparatus DiseasesPrognosisBiomarkers, Tumorimmunohistochemistrylacrimal glandmetastasesprimary ductal adenocarcinoma

Identifiers

PMID31837385
PMCPMC7215120
OpenAlexW2996497492

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.