ReviewImmunology2020
Circadian rhythms in adaptive immunity.
Review in Immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 80 citations in OpenAlex.
- How Effective Are the Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis Vaccines Currently Being Tested in Dogs? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Parasite immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Chrono-optimizing vaccine administration: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of immunotherapy-infusion time of day on survival of patients with advanced cancers: a study-level meta-analysis.ESMO open · 2024Pooled it
- The underexplored links between cancer and the internal body climate: Implications for cancer prevention and treatment.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Pooled it
- Chronotherapy in Oncology: Aligning Cancer Treatment with Biological Time.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- The circadian architecture of tumor immunity: mechanistic insights and treatment strategies.Biomarker research · 2026Review
- Short- and Long-Term Chrono-Immune Consequences of Dim Light at Night Exposure in Male Mice at Different Life Stages.Clocks & sleep · 2026Article
- Irinotecan Hydrochloride Administration Considering Dosing-Time Attenuates Delayed Diarrhea in Rats.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Dosing, duration, and timing controversies in determining immune checkpoint inhibitor dosing regimens.NPJ precision oncology · 2026Article
- Article
- Loss of daily phase relations identified by multiomic analyses in acute pancreatitis.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Article
- Circadian rhythm in immunotherapy and cellular therapy: impacts on the tumor microenvironment.Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica · 2026Review
- Circadian clock and cancer.Military Medical Research · 2026Review
- A Narrative Review on How Timing Matters: Circadian and Sleep Influences on Influenza Vaccine Induced Immunity.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Deep Proteomics Analysis Unravels the Molecular Signatures of Tonsillar B Cells in PFAPA and OSAS in the Pediatric Population.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Biological Clock Perspective in Rheumatoid Arthritis.Inflammation · 2025Review
- Chronic CRYPTOCHROME deficiency enhances cell-intrinsic antiviral defences.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025Article
- Time to start taking time seriously: how to investigate unexpected biological rhythms within infectious disease research.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025Review
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor infusion times and clinical outcomes in patients with melanoma.The oncologist · 2025Article
- The role of circadian rhythm regulator PERs in oxidative stress, immunity, and cancer development.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The circadian clock provides organisms with the ability to track time of day, allowing them to predict and respond to cyclical changes in the external environment. In mammals this clock consists of multiple auto-regulatory feedback loops generated by a network of circadian clock proteins. This network provides the fundamental basis for rhythms in behaviour and physiology. This clockwork machinery exists in most cells, including those of the immune system. In recent years evidence has emerged highlighting the important role of molecular clocks in dictating the response of immune pathways. While initial work highlighted the effect of the clock in the 'first line of defence', the innate immune system, it has become increasingly apparent that it also plays a role in the more tailored, later-stage adaptive immune response. This review provides an overview of the role of the circadian cycle in the adaptive immune response. We interrogate the depth of knowledge on cell intrinsic clocks within adaptive immune cells and how these cells may be temporally directed by extrinsic rhythmic signals. We discuss the role of the circadian clock in diseases associated with adaptive immunity such as multiple sclerosis, asthma and parasitic infection. We also discuss the current knowledge on timing of vaccination, and the implications this may have on how we can harness and modulate temporal gating of the adaptive immune response in a clinical setting.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.