ArticleEnvironmental science and pollution research international2020
Human health risks by potentially toxic metals in drinking water along the Hattar Industrial Estate, Pakistan.
Article in Environmental science and pollution research international, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Multi-compartmental risk assessment of heavy metal contamination in soil, plants, and wastewater: A model from Industrial Gazipur, Bangladesh.Environmental monitoring and assessment · 2025Article
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- Influence of Environmental Exposure to Steel Waste on Endocrine Dysregulation andInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Geochemical Modeling Source Provenance, Public Health Exposure, and Evaluating Potentially Harmful Elements in Groundwater: Statistical and Human Health Risk Assessment (HHRA).International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Hydrogeochemistry, identification of hydrogeochemical evolution mechanisms, and assessment of groundwater quality in the southwestern Ordos Basin, China.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2022Article
- Determination and health risk assessment of trace elements in the tap water of two Sub-Cities of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Heliyon · 2021Article
- Evaluation of the Swat River, Northern Pakistan, water quality using multivariate statistical techniques and water quality index (WQI) model.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the contamination of drinking water sources with potentially toxic metals (PTMs) together with some hydrochemical characteristics in the highly populated industrial zone of Pakistan. For this purpose, drinking (n = 40) and surface (n = 20) water samples were collected and analyzed for PTM using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer (GFAAS, PerkinElmer-700, USA). The metals, including cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn), showed significantly (p = 0.05) higher concentrations than their respective limits set by the World Health Organization (WHO 2011) in drinking water. The chronic daily intake (CDI) and human hazard quotient (HQ) were also evaluated. The highest daily intake through drinking water consumption was found for Ni (4.3 μg/kg/day), while lowest for Cd (0.25 μg/kg/day). The highest hazard quotient values were found for Cd (0.33) and Ni (0.29) that could be attributed to industrial wastewater discharge. Higher CDI and HQ values of Ni and Cd may cause chronic human health problems. According to the Chadha Piper diagram, the hydrochemical facies distribution indicated that water trend in the study area followed an order such as follows: Ca-Mg-Cl < Na-Cl < Ca-HCO
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