ArticleCancers2019
Glucose Depletion Enhances the Stem Cell Phenotype and Gemcitabine Resistance of Cholangiocarcinoma Organoids through AKT Phosphorylation and Reactive Oxygen Species.
Article in Cancers, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Applications of 3D models in cholangiocarcinoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Bioengineered Organoids Offer New Possibilities for Liver Cancer Studies: A Review of Key Milestones and Challenges.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- The crosstalk among the physical tumor microenvironment and the effects of glucose deprivation on tumors in the past decade.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Review
- Genome-Wide CRISPR Screening Identifies DCK and CCNL1 as Genes That Contribute to Gemcitabine Resistance in Pancreatic Cancer.Cancers · 2022Article
- A Multiomics Profiling Based on Online Database Revealed Prognostic Biomarkers of BLCA.BioMed research international · 2022Article
- Overcome Drug Resistance in Cholangiocarcinoma: New Insight Into Mechanisms and Refining the Preclinical Experiment Models.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- Circulating Tumor Cells in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Comprehensive Review and Critical Appraisal.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Review
- New insights into molecules and pathways of cancer metabolism and therapeutic implications.Cancer communications (London, England) · 2021Review
- Application and research progress of organoids in cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder carcinoma.American journal of cancer research · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cancer cells are strongly dependent on the glycolytic pathway for generation of energy even under aerobic condition through a phenomenon known as the Warburg effect. Rapid proliferation of cancer cells is often accompanied by high glucose consumption and abnormal angiogenesis, which may lead to glucose depletion. In the present study, we investigated how cholangiocarcinoma cells adapt to glucose depletion using a 3D organoid culture system. We cultured organoids derived from cholangiocarcinoma under glucose-free condition and investigated cell proliferation, expression of stem cell markers and resistance to gemcitabine. Cholangiocarcinoma organoids cultured under glucose-free condition showed reduced proliferation but were able to survive. We also observed an increase in the expression of stem cell markers including LGR5 and enhancement of stem cell phenotypic characteristics such as resistance to gemcitabine through AKT phosphorylation and reactive oxygen species. These findings indicate that cholangiocarcinoma cells are able to adapt to glucose depletion through enhancement of their stem cell phenotype in response to changes in microenvironmental conditions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.