Observational studyMaternal and child health journal2020
Breastfeeding Practices Among Women Living with HIV in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: An Observational Study.
Observational study in Maternal and child health journal, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exclusive breastfeeding and associated factors among HIV-infected mothers in sub-Saharan African countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2026Pooled it
- Interventions to support breastfeeding among mothers living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes and practices of HIV-positive women in Africa: a systematic review.International breastfeeding journal · 2025Pooled it
- Barriers and facilitators for early and exclusive breastfeeding in health facilities in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review.Global health research and policy · 2021Pooled it
- A randomized controlled, trial on effects of mobile phone text messaging in combination with motivational interviewing versus standard infant feeding counselling on breastfeeding and child health outcomes, among women living with HIV.International breastfeeding journal · 2025Trial
- "Breastfeeding is difficult": a qualitative exploration of exclusive breastfeeding among HIV-positive mothers in Eldoret, Kenya.International breastfeeding journal · 2025Article
- Comparison of infant feeding practices by maternal HIV status, and associated factors, in a rural district, South Africa 2019.International breastfeeding journal · 2025Article
- Differences in Breastfeeding Duration by Maternal HIV Status: A Pooled Analysis of Nationally Representative Surveys in Sub-Saharan Africa.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2024Article
- Pathways linking social support, self-efficacy, and exclusive breastfeeding among women in northern Uganda.Global public health · 2022Article
- Factors Associated with Infant Feeding Choices Among Women with HIV in Botswana.Maternal and child health journal · 2021Article
- Nutrition in HIV-Infected Infants and Children: Current Knowledge, Existing Challenges, and New Dietary Management Opportunities.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2021Review
- Father involvement, maternal depression and child nutritional outcomes in Soweto, South Africa.Maternal & child nutrition · 2021Article
- Breastfeeding inequities in South Africa: Can enforcement of the WHO Code help address them? - A systematic scoping review.International journal for equity in health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionExclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is the safest infant feeding option in resource-limited settings, though women living with HIV have the lowest rates of EBF. Barriers to EBF in the absences of a formal intervention in women living with HIV in KwaZulu-Natal, where the prevalence of HIV among pregnant women is among the highest in the world, are understudied. Thus, this study sought to describe barriers to EBF and examine differences in social support, disclosure status, mood, and HIV-related stigma among women with different feeding methods.
methodsWomen living with HIV enrolled in preventing mother-to-child transmission treatment (n = 156) were interviewed postpartum (M = 13.1 weeks) at a district hospital and self-reported infant feeding method, reasons not breastfeeding (if applicable), and HIV disclosure status. Mood, HIV-related stigma, functional social support, and HIV-related social support were also assessed.
resultsNo participants reported mixed feeding, 30% reported EBF, and 70% reported exclusive formula feeding. Commonly reported reasons for not breastfeeding included fear of HIV transmission to the infant and being away from the infant for extended periods of time. Social support (p = 0.02) and HIV-related social support (p < 0.01) were significantly higher in women who had attempted breastfeeding compared to women who never attempted breastfeeding. DISCUSSION: Rates of EBF in this sample are lower than in other recent studies, suggesting this sample experiences multiple barriers to EBF. Healthcare providers should seek to correct misconceptions regarding HIV transmission and breastfeeding practices. Social and logistical support for EBF may be important considerations for future interventions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.