ReviewAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2019
Evolution and Synthesis of Carbon Dots: From Carbon Dots to Carbonized Polymer Dots.
Review in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 216 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
216 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Graphene Quantum Dots for Glioblastoma Treatment and Detection-Systematic Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Pooled it
- Protective mechanisms and therapeutic promise of nanomaterials in radiation-induced diseases.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026Review
- Review
- Carbon quantum dots in plant photosynthesis: from material design to agricultural performance.RSC advances · 2026Review
- An "On-Off-On" Fluorescence Sensing System Based on Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots (N-CQDs) and Ferric Ions (FeJournal of fluorescence · 2026Article
- Carbon Dots for Cancer Theranostics: Synthesis Strategies, Luminescence Properties, and Advances in Bioimaging-Guided Diagnosis and Therapy.Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Review
- Manganese-Doped Carbon Nanodots as Next-Generation MRI and Fluorescence Imaging Agents.ACS nano · 2026Article
- Nano Carbon-mesh with Excellent Bonding Performance via Hydro-cage De-shielding Strategy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Molecular Precursor Engineering of Lignin-Derived Carbon Dots for Multicolor Fluorescence and Metal-Ion Sensing.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Unraveling the Hidden Balance between Quantum Confinement and Structural Modifications in Near-Infrared Fluorescent Carbon Dots.Chemical & biomedical imaging · 2026Review
- Advances in Photoluminescence and Quenching Mechanism of Carbon Dots.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Bioactive Amino-Carbon Dots for Sustainable Crop Protection: Cellular Uptake and Metabolomic Insights into the Antifungal and Antibacterial Activity in Tomato Plants.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2026Article
- High-sulfur coal-based carbon dots as an electrolyte additive to enhance the performance of aqueous zinc-ion batteries.RSC advances · 2026Article
- Surface-Engineered Dual-Emission of Carbon Dots for Ratiometric Detection of Hydroxyl Radicals.Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- Red/NIR-Emissive, Cadmium-Free Quantum Dots: Synthesis, Luminescence Mechanisms, and Applications.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Article
- Going Deep into the Surface Chemistry of Carbon Dots: Influence of Functional Groups on the Redox Abilities.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- Enhanced biosensing of diabetes biomarkers by using rationally engineered carbon dots.RSC advances · 2026Review
- Recent Progress on Carbon-Dots-Based Probes for Microbial Labeling and Versatile Analysis Applications.Biosensors · 2026Review
- Carbon dot-integrated edible films: emerging synergies for advanced food packaging applications.RSC advances · 2026Review
156 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Despite the various synthesis methods to obtain carbon dots (CDs), the bottom-up methods are still the most widely administrated route to afford large-scale and low-cost synthesis. However, as CDs are developed with increasing reports involved in producing many CDs, the structure and property features have changed enormously compared with the first generation of CDs, raising classification concerns. To this end, a new classification of CDs, named carbonized polymer dots (CPDs), is summarized according to the analysis of structure and property features. Here, CPDs are revealed as an emerging class of CDs with distinctive polymer/carbon hybrid structures and properties. Furthermore, deep insights into the effects of synthesis on the structure/property features of CDs are provided. Herein, the synthesis methods of CDs are also summarized in detail, and the effects of synthesis conditions of the bottom-up methods in terms of the structures and properties of CPDs are discussed and analyzed comprehensively. Insights into formation process and nucleation mechanism of CPDs are also offered. Finally, a perspective of the future development of CDs is proposed with critical insights into facilitating their potential in various application fields.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.