SynthesisBMC cancer2019
A systematic review of lenvatinib and sorafenib for treating progressive, locally advanced or metastatic, differentiated thyroid cancer after treatment with radioactive iodine.
Synthesis in BMC cancer, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lenvatinib and sorafenib for differentiated thyroid cancer after radioactive iodine: a systematic review and economic evaluation.Health technology assessment (Winchester, England) · 2020Pooled it
- Health-related quality-of-life analyses from a multicenter, randomized, double-blind phase 2 study of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer treated with lenvatinib 18 or 24 mg/day.Cancer medicine · 2023Trial
- A Randomized Study of Lenvatinib 18 mg vs 24 mg in Patients With Radioiodine-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2022Trial
- Theranostic and Radionuclide-based Treatment Approaches for Radioiodine-refractory Thyroid Cancer: From Biology to Clinical Application.Molecular imaging and biology · 2026Review
- Cancer Stemness and Dedifferentiation in Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma: Insights into a Multigenic, Microenvironmental Network and the Role of CD44.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Trends in metastatic thyroid cancer survival from 1992 to 2022: a SEER database analysis.Endocrine oncology (Bristol, England) · 2026Article
- The utility of quantitativeAsia Oceania journal of nuclear medicine & biology · 2025Article
- Clinico-pathological factors and [BMC medical imaging · 2024Article
- Neoadjuvant therapy with anlotinib in a locally advanced and pulmonary metastasis PTC patient harboring TERT promoter and BRAFArchives of endocrinology and metabolism · 2023Article
- Using 18F-FDG-PET/CT Metrics to Predict Survival in Ra-Dio-Iodine Refractory Thyroid Cancers.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Lenvatinib for the Treatment of Radioiodine-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: Treatment Optimization for Maximum Clinical Benefit.The oncologist · 2022Review
- Radiofrequency ablation of recurrent thyroid cancers: anatomy-based management.Ultrasonography (Seoul, Korea) · 2022Article
- SOX12 Promotes Thyroid Cancer Cell Proliferation and Invasion by Regulating the Expression of POU2F1 and POU3F1.Yonsei medical journal · 2022Article
- Changing Paradigm in Treatment of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer.Indian journal of surgical oncology · 2022Review
- Audit of Demographics, Treatment Patterns and Outcomes of Differentiated Thyroid Cancers Treated with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors.Indian journal of surgical oncology · 2022Article
- Sorafenib, rapamycin, and venetoclax attenuate doxorubicin-induced senescence and promote apoptosis in HCT116 cells.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2022Article
- "Micro" Extrathyroidal Extension in Risk Stratification for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: Should It Be in the Intermediate-Risk or High-Risk Group? A Single-Center Retrospective Study.Cancer management and research · 2022Article
- A case report of a patient presented with skin ulcer after treatment of lenvatinib.Journal of liver cancer · 2021Article
- Thyroid and COVID-19: a review on pathophysiological, clinical and organizational aspects.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2021Review
- Nanoparticles: Promising Auxiliary Agents for Diagnosis and Therapy of Thyroid Cancers.Cancers · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTreatment with radioactive iodine is effective for many patients with progressive, locally advanced or metastatic, differentiated thyroid cancer. However, some patients become refractory to treatment. These types of patients are considered to have radioactive iodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RR-DTC).
methodsWe searched Embase, MEDLINE, PubMed and the Cochrane Library from January 1999 through January 2017. Reference lists of included studies and ongoing trial registries were also searched. Reports of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), prospective observational studies, and systematic reviews/indirect comparisons were eligible for inclusion. In the absence of direct clinical trial evidence comparing lenvatinib versus sorafenib, we assessed the feasibility of conducting an indirect comparison to obtain estimates of the relative efficacy and safety of these two treatments.
resultsOf 2364 citations, in total, 93 papers reporting on 2 RCTs (primary evidence), 9 observational studies and 13 evidence reviews (supporting evidence) were identified. Compared to placebo, RCT evidence demonstrated improvements with lenvatinib or sorafenib in median progression-free survival (PFS) and objective tumour response rate (ORR). Overall survival (OS) was confounded by high treatment crossover (≥75%) in both trials. Adverse events (AEs) were more common with lenvatinib or sorafenib than with placebo but the most common AEs associated with each drug differed. Primarily due to differences in the survival risk profiles of patients in the placebo arms of the RCTs, we considered it inappropriate to indirectly compare the effectiveness of lenvatinib versus sorafenib. ORR and AE findings for lenvatinib and sorafenib from the supporting evidence were broadly in line with RCT evidence. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) data were limited.
conclusionsLenvatinib and sorafenib are more efficacious than placebo (a proxy for best supportive care) for treating RR-DTC. Uncertainty surrounds the extent of the impact on OS and HRQoL. Lenvatinib could not reliably be compared with sorafenib. Choice of treatment is therefore likely to depend on an individual patient's circumstances.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.