ArticlePloS one2019
Immunological recovery, failure and factors associated with CD-4 T-cells progression over time, among adolescents and adults living with HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy in Northern Ethiopia: A retrospective cross sectional study.
Article in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Virologic failure and its determinants among HIV patients progress towards the third 95% global target in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Cumulative effect of cotrimoxazole, isoniazid and opportunistic infection prophylaxis on CD4 response among people living with HIV on first-line ART in Ari Zone, Southern Ethiopia.AIDS research and therapy · 2026Article
- Cause-specific hazards of antiretroviral therapy programmatic adherence, defaulting and mortality among HIV/AIDS patients who had attained CD4 count recovery after antiretroviral therapy initiation in South Africa.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2026Article
- Defining and Predicting HIV Immunological Non-Response: A Multi-Definition Analysis from an Indonesian Cohort.Viruses · 2025Article
- Drug-Related Problems in HIV Treatment Failure.Cureus · 2024Article
- The clinical indexes and immunological status of HIV/AIDS patients undergoing different highly active antiretroviral treatments.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Population-Specific Predictors of Immunologic Reconstitution Following Initiation of Combined Antiretroviral Therapy in Children: A Retrospective Observational Study from a 15-Year Cohort of HIV-Positive Children and Adolescents in Eritrea.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Article
- Patient satisfaction with antiretroviral therapy service provided by pharmacists in Dembia district health institutions, Northwest Ethiopia.AIDS research and therapy · 2023Article
- Predictors of Viral Load and Medication Adherence Among HIV-Positive Adults Under Treatment at Felege-Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, North-West, Ethiopia.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2023Article
- CD4+ cell count recovery after initiation of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected Ethiopian adults.PloS one · 2022Article
- Predictors of Current CD4+ T-Cell Count Among Women of Reproductive Age on Antiretroviral Therapy in Public Hospitals, Southwest Ethiopia.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2021Article
- Expression of Inflammatory Markers RANK, MMP-9 and PTHrP in Chronic Apical Periodontitis from People Living with HIV Undergoing Antiretroviral Therapy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Article
- Article
- HIV virological non-suppression and factors associated with non-suppression among adolescents and adults on antiretroviral therapy in northern Ethiopia: a retrospective study.BMC infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Article
- Level of Adherence and Associated Factors Among HIV-Infected Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy in Northern Ethiopia: Retrospective Analysis.Patient preference and adherence · 2020Article
- Prediction of CD4 T-Lymphocyte Count Using WHO Clinical Staging among ART-Naïve HIV-Infected Adolescents and Adults in Northern Ethiopia: A Retrospective Study.AIDS research and treatment · 2020Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThis study was aimed to assess immunological recovery, failure, and factors associated with CD-4 T-cells progression over time, among adolescents and adults living with HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy in Northern Ethiopia.
methodsA retrospective cross sectional study was done on 19,525 HIV patients on ART. Data were collected using a data retrieval checklist from a database. All eligible data in the database were exported to Microsoft excel 2010 and then data verification and filtration were done before exporting to STATA 14.0 for analysis. Factors associated with recent CD-4 count were modeled by using Generalized Linear Model poison family.
resultsAmong the patients with advanced HIV infection (< 200 CD-4 T-cell/ mm3) at baseline, only 28.35%, 95% CI (27.45-29.26) of them had immunological recovery (≥ 500 T-cells/mm3). Only 2.14%, 95%CI (1.94%- 2.35%) of the patients had immunological failure. Baseline CD-4 count (Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) = 1.0007, 95%CI = 1.00069-1.00078), patients from military health care facility (IRR = 1.11, 95%CI = 1.06-1.16), good adherence (IRR = 1.12, 95%CI = 1.04-1.21) and viral load suppression (IRR = 1.31, 95%CI = 1.28-1.33) were positively associated with recent CD-4 count in the full model. Whereas, being male (IRR = 0.85, 95%CI = 0.83-0.86), patients with on Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) regimen of 1e (TDF-3TC-EFV), 2f (AZT-3TC-ATV/r), and 2h (TDF-3TC-ATV/r) (IRR = 0.92, 95%CI = 0.91-0.94), (IRR = 0.65, 95%CI = 0.55-0.76) and (IRR = 0.71, 95%CI = 0.63-0.81) respectively were negatively associated with the recent CD-4 count in the full model.
conclusionsImmunological recovery was achieved by 1/3 of the patients despite being on highly active ART (HAART). Therefore, intensive adherence counseling, follow-up and support should be focused on patients with viral non suppression to enhance immunological recovery.
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