ReviewPLoS neglected tropical diseases2019
Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Syria: A review of available data during the war years: 2011-2018.
Review in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Neglected tropical diseases in conflict-related humanitarian emergency settings: a systematic review of the literature.International health · 2026Pooled it
- Vector-borne diseases and the Syrian conflict: A systematic review of literature from Syria and neighbouring, refugee-hosting countries.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Refugees/Immigrants and leishmaniasis in the world's largest hosting country, Türkiye: A systematic review.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Trial
- Evaluation of an Italian Phlebotomus perfiliewi (Larroussius) wild population as a permissive vector species for Leishmania tropica and L. major transmission.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Genomic Insight of Leishmania Parasite: In-Depth Review of Drug Resistance Mechanisms and Genetic Mutations.ACS omega · 2024Review
- The changing epidemiology of human leishmaniasis in the non-endemic country of Austria between 2000 to 2021, including a congenital case.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Impact of wars and natural disasters on emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases.Frontiers in public health · 2023Review
- Review of the neglected tropical diseases programme implementation during 2012-2019 in the WHO-Eastern Mediterranean Region.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Review
- The current epidemiology of leishmaniasis in Turkey, Azerbaijan and Georgia and implications for disease emergence in European countries.Zoonoses and public health · 2022Review
- Fifty years of struggle to control cutaneous leishmaniasis in the highest endemic county in Iran: A longitudinal observation inferred with interrupted time series model.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- Transmission patterns of Leishmania tropica around the Mediterranean basin: Could Morocco be impacted by a zoonotic spillover?PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Review
- Leishmaniasis: Recent epidemiological studies in the Middle East.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Conflict-related health research in Syria, 2011-2019: a scoping review for The Lancet - AUB Commission on Syria.Conflict and health · 2021Article
- Comparative Testing of Susceptibility Levels of Phlebotomus sergenti, the Main Vector of Anthroponotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, to Conventional Insecticides Using Two Capture Methods in Kerman City, Southeastern Iran.Journal of arthropod-borne diseases · 2021Article
- A long-lasting emerging epidemic of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in southeastern Iran: population movement and peri-urban settlements as a major risk factor.Parasites & vectors · 2021Article
- The effects of climate change on infectious diseases with cutaneous manifestations.International journal of women's dermatology · 2021Review
- Understanding the health needs of internally displaced persons: A scoping review.Journal of migration and health · 2021Article
- Investigating the Existence of Ribosomal Protein L5 Gene in Syrian Strain ofJournal of parasitology research · 2021Article
- Utilization of health services for skin disorders during military operations. A population- based study.Dermatology reports · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) has historically been reported from Syria. Since 2011, the country has been affected by a war, which has impacted health and health services. Over the same period, an increase in the number of cases of CL has been reported from several areas across the country and by a number of authors. This study aims to provide the first quantitative evidence of the epidemiological evolution of CL in Syria during the war. MATERIALS AND
methodsData on number of CL cases for the period 2011-2018 were extracted from three different surveillance systems: the Ministry of Health (MoH) routine surveillance system, the MoH/WHO sentinel-syndromic Early Warning Alert and Response System (EWARS), and surveillance data collected by the international nongovernmental organization (NGO) the MENTOR Initiative. Data were cleaned and merged to generate the best possible estimates on number of CL cases; incidence of CL was also calculated based on data on resident population. Data reported from the years preceding the conflict (2007-2010) were also added to the analysis for comparative purposes.
resultsThe analysis of data from the three available sources over the period considered indicates that number of reported cases progressively grew from prewar levels to reach a peak in 2015, decreased in 2016, remained stable in 2017, and increased again in 2018. Such a trend was mirrored by changes in incidence of infection. Some governorates, which used to report low numbers of CL cases, started recording higher number of cases after the onset of the war.
conclusionThe war coincided with a major rise in reported number of CL cases and incidence of infection, although an increasing trend was already appreciable before its onset.
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