ArticleMMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report2019
Nonadherence to Any Prescribed Medication Due to Costs Among Adults with HIV Infection - United States, 2016-2017.
Article in MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Free antiretrovirals as a key tool against the HIV pandemic: A systematic review.HIV medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Guideline
- Real-world adherence, persistence, and health care resource utilization among people with HIV receiving long-acting cabotegravir plus rilpivirine compared with oral antiretroviral therapy in the United States: The ABOVE Study.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2026Article
- The Relationship Between Financial Well-Being and Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence in Youth with HIV in the United States.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Estimation of Lifetime Costs Among Insured Persons with HIV in the United States.PharmacoEconomics - open · 2025Article
- Clinical Outcomes and Perspectives of People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Twelve Months After Initiation of Long-acting Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine in an Observational Real-world US Study (BEYOND).Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Complexity and Variation in Infectious Disease Birth Cohorts: Findings from HIV+ Medicare and Medicaid Beneficiaries, 1999-2020.Entropy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The impact of Medicaid expansion under the Affordable Care Act on HIV care continuum outcomes across the United States.Health affairs scholar · 2024Article
- Access to a novel first-line single-tablet HIV antiretroviral regimen in Affordable Care Act Marketplace plans, 2018-2020.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2023Article
- Comparison of Discounted and Undiscounted Cash Prices for Cardiovascular Medications by Type of US Community Pharmacy.Journal of general internal medicine · 2021Article
- Assisters Succeed in Insurance Navigation for People Living with HIV and People at Increased Risk of HIV in a Complex Coverage Landscape.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2020Article
- Medicare Part D and Cost-Sharing for Antiretroviral Therapy and Preexposure Prophylaxis.JAMA network open · 2020Article
- Retrospective cohort study of statin prescribing for primary prevention among people living with HIV.JRSM cardiovascular diseaseArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The United States spends more per capita on prescription drugs than do other high-income countries (1). In 2017, patients paid 14% of this cost out of pocket (2). Prescription drug cost-saving strategies, including nonadherence to medications due to cost concerns, have been documented among U.S. adults (3) and can negatively affect morbidity and, in the case of persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, can increase transmission risk (4,5). However, population-based data on prescription drug cost-saving strategies among U.S. persons with HIV are lacking. CDC's Medical Monitoring Project* analyzed cross-sectional, nationally representative, surveillance data on behaviors, medical care, and clinical outcomes among adults with HIV infection. During 2016-2017, 14% of persons with HIV infection used a prescription drug cost-saving strategy for any prescribed medication, and 7% had cost saving-related nonadherence. Nonadherence due to prescription drug costs was associated with reporting an unmet need for medications from the Ryan White AIDS Drug Assistance Program (ADAP), not having Medicaid coverage, and having private insurance. Persons who were nonadherent because of cost concerns were more likely to have visited an emergency department, have been hospitalized, and not be virally suppressed. Reducing barriers to ADAP and Medicaid coverage, in addition to reducing medication costs for persons with private insurance, might help to decrease nonadherence due to cost concerns and, thus contribute to improved viral suppression rates and other health outcomes among persons with HIV infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.