ArticleOxidative medicine and cellular longevity2019
Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Haematological Indexes of Inflammation in Paralympic Athletes with Different Motor Impairments.
Article in Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Cardiometabolic Risk in Persons With Spinal Cord Injury/Disease: A Scoping Review.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translation · 2025Review
- A Comparative Study of Paralympic Veterans with Either a Spinal Cord Injury or an Amputation: Implications for Personalized Nutritional Advice.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2025Article
- Immunological Response to Exercise in Athletes with Disabilities: A Narrative Review of the Literature.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Comparison of echocardiographic parameters of amputee football players with active football players and sedentary individuals.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2023Article
- Review
- Mean platelet volume to lymphocyte ratio and platelet distribution width to lymphocyte ratio in Iraqi patients diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus.Reumatologia · 2022Article
- Body Composition According to Spinal Cord Injury Level: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Review
- Protein Considerations for Athletes With a Spinal Cord Injury.Frontiers in nutrition · 2021Review
- Diet in neurogenic bowel management: A viewpoint on spinal cord injury.World journal of gastroenterology · 2020Review
- Dietary Antioxidants: Micronutrients and Antinutrients in Physiology and Pathology.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Haematological indexes of both inflammation and platelet activation have been suggested as predictive markers of cardiovascular disease (CVD), which has high prevalence in Paralympic athletes (PA). Different mechanisms could play a role in increasing CVD risk in PA with spinal cord injury (PA-SCI), lower limb amputation (PA-LLA), or upper limb impairment (PA-ULI). We compared, in 4 groups of PA competing in power, intermittent (mixed metabolism), and endurance sports, Framingham Risk Score (FRS), metabolic syndrome criteria (MetS-C), inflammation (INFLA) Score, 5 haematological indexes of platelet activation (mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and the ratios between MPV and platelet (MPVPR), between MPV and lymphocyte (MPVLR), and between PDW and lymphocyte (PDWLR)) and the endogenous antioxidants uric acid (UA) and bilirubin (BR). A retrospective chart review of PA from preparticipation examinations' records (London 2012 and Sochi 2014 Paralympics) was performed. We included 25 PA-SCI (13 with high and 12 with low lesion, PA-SCI-H and PA-SCI-L), 15 PA-LLA, and 10 PA-ULI. FRS and INFLA Score did not differ among groups, but PA-SCI-H had lower HDL, compared to PA-SCI-L and PA-ULI. PA-LLA had more MetS diagnostic criteria with significant higher glucose levels than other groups. PA-SCI-H had significantly lower lymphocytes' count compared to PA-LLA and higher MPV, PDW, MPVPR, MPVLR, and PDWLR. SCI-H had lower BR, haemoglobin, haematocrit, proteins, and creatinine. No interaction was found between the 3 kinds of sitting sports and the 2 groups of health conditions (PA-SCI and PA-LLA). In conclusion, PA-LLA had a higher cardiometabolic risk, whereas PA-SCI-H had a higher platelet-derived cardiovascular risk. Further larger studies are needed to investigate the relationship between indexes of inflammation/oxidation and dietary habit, body composition, and physical fitness/performance in PA with motor impairments.
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